Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NFKB1

Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit

Also known as: KBF1, NF-kappaB, NF-kB1, NFkappaB, NFKB-p50, NFKB1_HUMAN, p105, p50

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P19838
Gene
NFKB1
Ensembl
ENSG00000109320
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
968 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, RAS pathway related proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-kappa-B (NFKB) protein complex. NFKB is a transcription regulator that is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NFKB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates the expression of genes involved in a wide variety of biological functions. Inappropriate activation of NFKB has been associated with a number of inflammatory diseases while persistent inhibition of NFKB leads to inappropriate immune cell development or delayed cell growth. NFKB is a critical regulator of the immediate-early response to viral infection. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms, at least one of which is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

968 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P19838|NFKB1
     1  MAEDDPYLGR PEQMFHLDPS LTHTIFNPEV FQPQMALPTD GPYLQILEQP KQRGFRFRYV
    61  CEGPSHGGLP GASSEKNKKS YPQVKICNYV GPAKVIVQLV TNGKNIHLHA HSLVGKHCED
   121  GICTVTAGPK DMVVGFANLG ILHVTKKKVF ETLEARMTEA CIRGYNPGLL VHPDLAYLQA
   181  EGGGDRQLGD REKELIRQAA LQQTKEMDLS VVRLMFTAFL PDSTGSFTRR LEPVVSDAIY
   241  DSKAPNASNL KIVRMDRTAG CVTGGEEIYL LCDKVQKDDI QIRFYEEEEN GGVWEGFGDF
   301  SPTDVHRQFA IVFKTPKYKD INITKPASVF VQLRRKSDLE TSEPKPFLYY PEIKDKEEVQ
   361  RKRQKLMPNF SDSFGGGSGA GAGGGGMFGS GGGGGGTGST GPGYSFPHYG FPTYGGITFH
   421  PGTTKSNAGM KHGTMDTESK KDPEGCDKSD DKNTVNLFGK VIETTEQDQE PSEATVGNGE
   481  VTLTYATGTK EESAGVQDNL FLEKAMQLAK RHANALFDYA VTGDVKMLLA VQRHLTAVQD
   541  ENGDSVLHLA IIHLHSQLVR DLLEVTSGLI SDDIINMRND LYQTPLHLAV ITKQEDVVED
   601  LLRAGADLSL LDRLGNSVLH LAAKEGHDKV LSILLKHKKA ALLLDHPNGD GLNAIHLAMM
   661  SNSLPCLLLL VAAGADVNAQ EQKSGRTALH LAVEHDNISL AGCLLLEGDA HVDSTTYDGT
   721  TPLHIAAGRG STRLAALLKA AGADPLVENF EPLYDLDDSW ENAGEDEGVV PGTTPLDMAT
   781  SWQVFDILNG KPYEPEFTSD DLLAQGDMKQ LAEDVKLQLY KLLEIPDPDK NWATLAQKLG
   841  LGILNNAFRL SPAPSKTLMD NYEVSGGTVR ELVEALRQMG YTEAIEVIQA ASSPVKTTSQ
   901  AHSLPLSPAS TRQQIDELRD SDSVCDSGVE TSFRKLSFTE SLTSGASLLT LNKMPHDYGQ
   961  EGPLEGKI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NFKB1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.4
Highest tissue expression
48 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • urinary bladder: 48 nTPM
  • tonsil: 38 nTPM
  • thymus: 34 nTPM
  • lymph node: 29 nTPM
  • appendix: 24 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 23 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • neutrophils: 3,105 nCPM
  • monocytes: 2,371 nCPM
  • mast cells: 2,182 nCPM
  • innate lymphoid cells: 1,999 nCPM
  • endometrial glandular cells: 1,554 nCPM
  • endometrial luminal cells: 1,403 nCPM

Immune cell

  • myeloid DC: 2.5 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 2.2 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 2.1 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 1.7 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 1.5 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 1.5 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 11 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 10 nTPM
  • thalamus: 9.5 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 9.4 nTPM
  • pons: 9.3 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 9.2 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about NFKB1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions NFKB1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Immunodeficiency, common variable, 12, with autoimmunity (CVID12) MIM:616576

Disease | GeneticClinVar

160 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 964 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on NFKB1 was assayed in.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.14
gnomAD pLI
1
gnomAD missense Z
3.19
DepMap mean gene effect
0
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of NFKB1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NFKB1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NFKB1 could matter depends on whether native NFKB1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NFKB1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NFKB1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/NFKB1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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