Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

REL

Proto-oncogene c-Rel

Also known as: c-Rel, HIVEN86A, I-Rel, REL_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q04864
Gene
REL
Ensembl
ENSG00000162924
Chromosome
2
Canonical length
619 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins, RAS pathway related proteins, Transcription factors
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the Rel homology domain/immunoglobulin-like fold, plexin, transcription factor (RHD/IPT) family. Members of this family regulate genes involved in apoptosis, inflammation, the immune response, and oncogenic processes. This proto-oncogene plays a role in the survival and proliferation of B lymphocytes. Mutation or amplification of this gene is associated with B-cell lymphomas, including Hodgkin's lymphoma. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene are associated with susceptibility to ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

619 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q04864|REL
     1  MASGAYNPYI EIIEQPRQRG MRFRYKCEGR SAGSIPGEHS TDNNRTYPSI QIMNYYGKGK
    61  VRITLVTKND PYKPHPHDLV GKDCRDGYYE AEFGQERRPL FFQNLGIRCV KKKEVKEAII
   121  TRIKAGINPF NVPEKQLNDI EDCDLNVVRL CFQVFLPDEH GNLTTALPPV VSNPIYDNRA
   181  PNTAELRICR VNKNCGSVRG GDEIFLLCDK VQKDDIEVRF VLNDWEAKGI FSQADVHRQV
   241  AIVFKTPPYC KAITEPVTVK MQLRRPSDQE VSESMDFRYL PDEKDTYGNK AKKQKTTLLF
   301  QKLCQDHVET GFRHVDQDGL ELLTSGDPPT LASQSAGITV NFPERPRPGL LGSIGEGRYF
   361  KKEPNLFSHD AVVREMPTGV SSQAESYYPS PGPISSGLSH HASMAPLPSS SWSSVAHPTP
   421  RSGNTNPLSS FSTRTLPSNS QGIPPFLRIP VGNDLNASNA CIYNNADDIV GMEASSMPSA
   481  DLYGISDPNM LSNCSVNMMT TSSDSMGETD NPRLLSMNLE NPSCNSVLDP RDLRQLHQMS
   541  SSSMSAGANS NTTVFVSQSD AFEGSDFSCA DNSMINESGP SNSTNPNSHG FVQDSQYSGI
   601  GSMQNEQLSD SFPYEFFQV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against REL can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.52
Highest tissue expression
35 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 35 nTPM
  • tonsil: 15 nTPM
  • lymph node: 15 nTPM
  • appendix: 13 nTPM
  • urinary bladder: 13 nTPM
  • spleen: 10 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • neutrophils: 1,082 nCPM
  • cdc: 989 nCPM
  • mast cells: 802 nCPM
  • monocytes: 783 nCPM
  • nk-cells: 631 nCPM
  • innate lymphoid cells: 621 nCPM

Immune cell

  • naive B-cell: 24 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 18 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 17 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 14 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 14 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 12 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 35 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 26 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 25 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 25 nTPM
  • white matter: 25 nTPM
  • pons: 25 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about REL.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions REL is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

7 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 264 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Immunodeficiency 92

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.23
gnomAD pLI
1
gnomAD missense Z
1.76
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.04
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of REL in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads REL as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against REL could matter depends on whether native REL is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

REL is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label REL as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/REL. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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