Death domain
IPR000488
Definition
The death domain (DD) is a homotypic protein interaction module composed of a bundle of six α-helices. DD is related in sequence and structure to the death effector domain (DED, see [interpro:IPR001875]) and the caspase recruitment domain (CARD, see [interpro:IPR001315]), which work in similar pathways and show similar interaction properties PMID:11504623. DD bind each other forming oligomers. Mammals have numerous and diverse DD-containing proteins PMID:7482697. Within these proteins, the DD domains can be found in combination with other domains, including: CARDs, DEDs, ankyrin repeats ([interpro:IPR002110]), caspase-like folds, kinase domains, leucine zippers, leucine-rich repeats (LRR) ([interpro:IPR001611]), TIR domains ([interpro:IPR000157]), and ZU5 domains ([interpro:IPR000906]) PMID:15226512. Some DD-containing proteins are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation through their activation of caspases and NF-kappaB, which typically involves interactions with TNF (tumour necrosis factor) cytokine receptors [[cite:PMID:14585074], [cite:PMID:14601641]]. In humans, eight of the over 30 known TNF receptors contain DD in their cytoplasmic tails; several of these TNF receptors use caspase activation as a signalling mechanism. The DD mediates self-association of these receptors, thus giving the signal to downstream events that lead to apoptosis. Other DD-containing proteins, such as ankyrin, MyD88 and pelle, are probably not directly involved in cell death signalling. DD-containing proteins also have links to innate immunity, communicating with Toll family receptors through bipartite adapter proteins such as MyD88 PMID:12691620.
35 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
Loading the interactive Seroatlas explorer...