Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PSME3

Proteasome activator complex subunit 3

Also known as: Ki, PA28-gamma, PA28G, PSME3_HUMAN, REG-GAMMA

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P61289
Gene: PSME3
Ensembl: ENSG00000131467
Chromosome: 17
Canonical length: 254 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Primary cilium,Basal body,Cytosol
Quaternary structure: Homoheptamer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the gamma subunit of the 11S regulator. Six gamma subunits combine to form a homohexameric ring. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

254 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P61289|PSME3
     1  MASLLKVDQE VKLKVDSFRE RITSEAEDLV ANFFPKKLLE LDSFLKEPIL NIHDLTQIHS
    61  DMNLPVPDPI LLTNSHDGLD GPTYKKRRLD ECEEAFQGTK VFVMPNGMLK SNQQLVDIIE
   121  KVKPEIRLLI EKCNTVKMWV QLLIPRIEDG NNFGVSIQEE TVAELRTVES EAASYLDQIS
   181  RYYITRAKLV SKIAKYPHVE DYRRTVTEID EKEYISLRLI ISELRNQYVT LHDMILKNIE
   241  KIKRPRSSNA ETLY

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PSME3 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.38
Highest tissue expression: 60 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

skeletal muscle: 60 nTPM
urinary bladder: 58 nTPM
tonsil: 54 nTPM
esophagus: 50 nTPM
bone marrow: 49 nTPM
parathyroid gland: 47 nTPM

Single-cell type

early spermatids: 301 nCPM
late spermatids: 178 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 100 nCPM
syncytiotrophoblasts: 97 nCPM
esophageal suprabasal cells: 94 nCPM
extravillous trophoblasts: 88 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 102 nTPM
total PBMC: 88 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 87 nTPM
classical monocyte: 78 nTPM
myeloid DC: 76 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 75 nTPM

Brain region

midbrain: 58 nTPM
thalamus: 49 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 47 nTPM
hypothalamus: 46 nTPM
pons: 45 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 44 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PSME3.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on PSME3 was assayed in.

chronic myeloid leukemia T cell

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for PSME3 from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed

2 publications

Identification of PSME3 as a novel serum tumor marker for colorectal cancer by combining two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a strictly mass spectrometry-based approach for data analysis.
2006 · Mol Cell Proteomics · RCR 2.5 · 116 citations
Increased proteasome activator 28 gamma (PA28γ) levels are unspecific but correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
2014 · BMC Musculoskelet Disord · RCR 0.2 · 7 citations

Reference: T cellIEDB

1 publication

HLA class I-restricted T cell epitopes isolated and identified from myeloid leukemia cells.
2019 · Sci Rep · RCR 0.1 · 3 citations

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.17
gnomAD pLI: 1
gnomAD missense Z: 2.39
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.27
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PSME3 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PSME3 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PSME3 could matter depends on whether native PSME3 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PSME3 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PSME3 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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