Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

HNRNPK

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K

Also known as: CSBP, HNRPK, HNRPK_HUMAN, TUNP

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P61978
Gene: HNRNPK
Ensembl: ENSG00000165119
Chromosome: 9
Canonical length: 463 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene is located in the nucleoplasm and has three repeats of KH domains that binds to RNAs. It is distinct among other hnRNP proteins in its binding preference; it binds tenaciously to poly(C). This protein is also thought to have a role during cell cycle progession. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, however, not all of them are fully characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

463 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P61978|HNRNPK
     1  METEQPEETF PNTETNGEFG KRPAEDMEEE QAFKRSRNTD EMVELRILLQ SKNAGAVIGK
    61  GGKNIKALRT DYNASVSVPD SSGPERILSI SADIETIGEI LKKIIPTLEE GLQLPSPTAT
   121  SQLPLESDAV ECLNYQHYKG SDFDCELRLL IHQSLAGGII GVKGAKIKEL RENTQTTIKL
   181  FQECCPHSTD RVVLIGGKPD RVVECIKIIL DLISESPIKG RAQPYDPNFY DETYDYGGFT
   241  MMFDDRRGRP VGFPMRGRGG FDRMPPGRGG RPMPPSRRDY DDMSPRRGPP PPPPGRGGRG
   301  GSRARNLPLP PPPPPRGGDL MAYDRRGRPG DRYDGMVGFS ADETWDSAID TWSPSEWQMA
   361  YEPQGGSGYD YSYAGGRGSY GDLGGPIITT QVTIPKDLAG SIIGKGGQRI KQIRHESGAS
   421  IKIDEPLEGS EDRIITITGT QDQIQNAQYL LQNSVKQYSG KFF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against HNRNPK can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.5
Highest tissue expression: 612 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

bone marrow: 612 nTPM
thymus: 519 nTPM
tonsil: 423 nTPM
lymph node: 394 nTPM
liver: 335 nTPM
urinary bladder: 331 nTPM

Single-cell type

extravillous trophoblasts: 880 nCPM
syncytiotrophoblasts: 839 nCPM
migrating cytotrophoblasts: 764 nCPM
cytotrophoblasts: 630 nCPM
neutrophils: 562 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 556 nCPM

Immune cell

total PBMC: 1,145 nTPM
basophil: 649 nTPM
eosinophil: 632 nTPM
neutrophil: 604 nTPM
NK-cell: 527 nTPM
myeloid DC: 518 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 300 nTPM
choroid plexus: 281 nTPM
hypothalamus: 266 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 235 nTPM
spinal cord: 234 nTPM
cerebellum: 223 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about HNRNPK.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions HNRNPK is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Au-Kline syndrome (AUKS) MIM:616580

Disease | GeneticClinVar

81 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 351 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for HNRNPK from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed

3 publications

Autoantibodies specific to hnRNP K: a new diagnostic marker for immune pathophysiology in aplastic anemia.
2010 · Ann Hematol · RCR 0.5 · 21 citations
Binding of the heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) to the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) enhances viral LMP2A expression.
2012 · PLoS One · RCR 0.5 · 19 citations
Proteomic identification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K as a novel cold-associated autoantigen in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon.
2015 · Rheumatology (Oxford) · RCR 0.4 · 13 citations

Reference: T cellIEDB

1 publication

CD8+ T Cells Specific to Apoptosis-Associated Antigens Predict the Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
2015 · PLoS One · RCR 0.6 · 18 citations

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.1
gnomAD pLI: 1
gnomAD missense Z: 3.99
DepMap mean gene effect: -2.35
DepMap dependency class: pan

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

mRNA splicing, via spliceosome
negative regulation of apoptotic process
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome
positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle clearance
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
random inactivation of X chromosome
regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
regulatory ncRNA-mediated heterochromatin formation
RNA processing
signal transduction
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of HNRNPK in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads HNRNPK as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against HNRNPK could matter depends on whether native HNRNPK is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

HNRNPK is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label HNRNPK as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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