ARRB1
Beta-arrestin-1
Also known as: ARR1, ARRB1_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- P49407
- Gene
- ARRB1
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000137486
- Chromosome
- 11
- Canonical length
- 418 aa
- Protein class
- Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters
- Subcellular location
- Nucleoplasm
- Quaternary structure
- Homodimer
OverviewNCBI Gene
Members of arrestin/beta-arrestin protein family are thought to participate in agonist-mediated desensitization of G-protein-coupled receptors and cause specific dampening of cellular responses to stimuli such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or sensory signals. Arrestin beta 1 is a cytosolic protein and acts as a cofactor in the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (BARK) mediated desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors. Besides the central nervous system, it is expressed at high levels in peripheral blood leukocytes, and thus the BARK/beta-arrestin system is believed to play a major role in regulating receptor-mediated immune functions. Alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms of arrestin beta 1 have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
418 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>P49407|ARRB1
1 MGDKGTRVFK KASPNGKLTV YLGKRDFVDH IDLVDPVDGV VLVDPEYLKE RRVYVTLTCA
61 FRYGREDLDV LGLTFRKDLF VANVQSFPPA PEDKKPLTRL QERLIKKLGE HAYPFTFEIP
121 PNLPCSVTLQ PGPEDTGKAC GVDYEVKAFC AENLEEKIHK RNSVRLVIRK VQYAPERPGP
181 QPTAETTRQF LMSDKPLHLE ASLDKEIYYH GEPISVNVHV TNNTNKTVKK IKISVRQYAD
241 ICLFNTAQYK CPVAMEEADD TVAPSSTFCK VYTLTPFLAN NREKRGLALD GKLKHEDTNL
301 ASSTLLREGA NREILGIIVS YKVKVKLVVS RGGLLGDLAS SDVAVELPFT LMHPKPKEEP
361 PHREVPENET PVDTNLIELD TNDDDIVFED FARQRLKGMK DDKEEEEDGT GSPQLNNRLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against ARRB1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Cell surface
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.32
- Highest tissue expression
- 50 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- lung: 50 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 41 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 40 nTPM
- spleen: 38 nTPM
- amygdala: 33 nTPM
- stomach: 32 nTPM
Single-cell type
- podocytes: 279 nCPM
- alveolar cells type 1: 215 nCPM
- kupffer cells: 177 nCPM
- microglia: 162 nCPM
- monocytes: 147 nCPM
- platelets: 139 nCPM
Immune cell
- non-classical monocyte: 138 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 107 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 66 nTPM
- neutrophil: 50 nTPM
- eosinophil: 46 nTPM
- myeloid DC: 43 nTPM
Brain region
- midbrain: 156 nTPM
- cerebral cortex: 147 nTPM
- thalamus: 143 nTPM
- pons: 141 nTPM
- amygdala: 139 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 138 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 0.26
- gnomAD pLI
- 0.99
- gnomAD missense Z
- 2.36
- DepMap mean gene effect
- -0.17
- DepMap dependency class
- selective
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- cell surface receptor signaling pathway
- desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
- G protein-coupled receptor internalization
- intracellular glucose homeostasis
- negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
- negative regulation of interleukin-8 production
- negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
- negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway
- negative regulation of protein ubiquitination
- positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
- positive regulation of receptor internalization
- positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction
- positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
- proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
- protein transport
- protein ubiquitination
- regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
- sensory perception
- stress fiber assembly
- ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
Molecular functions
- angiotensin receptor binding
- arrestin family protein binding
- enzyme inhibitor activity
- G protein-coupled receptor binding
- GTPase activator activity
- insulin-like growth factor receptor binding
- molecular adaptor activity
- transcription coactivator activity
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
InteractionsUniProt · HPA
Protein binding partners of ARRB1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads ARRB1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ARRB1 could matter depends on whether native ARRB1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
ARRB1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native ARRB1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label ARRB1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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