Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GRK2

Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1

Also known as: ADRBK1, ARBK1_HUMAN, BARK1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P25098
Gene
GRK2
Ensembl
ENSG00000173020
Chromosome
11
Canonical length
689 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus,Vesicles,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase family of proteins. The encoded protein phosphorylates the beta-adrenergic receptor as well as a wide range of other substrates including non-GPCR cell surface receptors, and cytoskeletal, mitochondrial, and transcription factor proteins. Data from rodent models supports a role for this gene in embryonic development, heart function and metabolism. Elevated expression of this gene has been observed in human patients with heart failure and Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

689 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P25098|GRK2
     1  MADLEAVLAD VSYLMAMEKS KATPAARASK KILLPEPSIR SVMQKYLEDR GEVTFEKIFS
    61  QKLGYLLFRD FCLNHLEEAR PLVEFYEEIK KYEKLETEEE RVARSREIFD SYIMKELLAC
   121  SHPFSKSATE HVQGHLGKKQ VPPDLFQPYI EEICQNLRGD VFQKFIESDK FTRFCQWKNV
   181  ELNIHLTMND FSVHRIIGRG GFGEVYGCRK ADTGKMYAMK CLDKKRIKMK QGETLALNER
   241  IMLSLVSTGD CPFIVCMSYA FHTPDKLSFI LDLMNGGDLH YHLSQHGVFS EADMRFYAAE
   301  IILGLEHMHN RFVVYRDLKP ANILLDEHGH VRISDLGLAC DFSKKKPHAS VGTHGYMAPE
   361  VLQKGVAYDS SADWFSLGCM LFKLLRGHSP FRQHKTKDKH EIDRMTLTMA VELPDSFSPE
   421  LRSLLEGLLQ RDVNRRLGCL GRGAQEVKES PFFRSLDWQM VFLQKYPPPL IPPRGEVNAA
   481  DAFDIGSFDE EDTKGIKLLD SDQELYRNFP LTISERWQQE VAETVFDTIN AETDRLEARK
   541  KAKNKQLGHE EDYALGKDCI MHGYMSKMGN PFLTQWQRRY FYLFPNRLEW RGEGEAPQSL
   601  LTMEEIQSVE ETQIKERKCL LLKIRGGKQF ILQCDSDPEL VQWKKELRDA YREAQQLVQR
   661  VPKMKNKPRS PVVELSKVPL VQRGSANGL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GRK2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.27
Highest tissue expression
186 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 186 nTPM
  • spleen: 184 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 98 nTPM
  • lymph node: 96 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 95 nTPM
  • small intestine: 86 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • neutrophils: 262 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 223 nCPM
  • monocyte progenitors: 170 nCPM
  • monocytes: 140 nCPM
  • kupffer cells: 122 nCPM
  • breast lactating cells: 86 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 36 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 34 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 28 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 19 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 18 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 16 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebral cortex: 116 nTPM
  • amygdala: 89 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 87 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 85 nTPM
  • white matter: 85 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 77 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about GRK2.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

3 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 50 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.18
gnomAD pLI
1
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.16
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GRK2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GRK2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GRK2 could matter depends on whether native GRK2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GRK2 is annotated at the cell surface, where native GRK2 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GRK2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GRK2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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