Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CYTH2

Cytohesin-2

Also known as: ARNO, CTS18.1, CYH2_HUMAN, cytohesin-2, PSCD2, PSCD2L, Sec7p-L, Sec7p-like

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q99418
Gene: CYTH2
Ensembl: ENSG00000105443
Chromosome: 19
Canonical length: 400 aa
Protein class: Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus,Plasma membrane,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PSCD family. Members of this family have identical structural organization that consists of an N-terminal coiled-coil motif, a central Sec7 domain, and a C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. The coiled-coil motif is involved in homodimerization, the Sec7 domain contains guanine-nucleotide exchange protein (GEP) activity, and the PH domain interacts with phospholipids and is responsible for association of PSCDs with membranes. Members of this family appear to mediate the regulation of protein sorting and membrane trafficking. The encoded protein exhibits GEP activity in vitro with ARF1, ARF3, and ARF6 and is 83% homologous to CYTH1. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

400 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q99418|CYTH2
     1  MEDGVYEPPD LTPEERMELE NIRRRKQELL VEIQRLREEL SEAMSEVEGL EANEGSKTLQ
    61  RNRKMAMGRK KFNMDPKKGI QFLVENELLQ NTPEEIARFL YKGEGLNKTA IGDYLGEREE
   121  LNLAVLHAFV DLHEFTDLNL VQALRQFLWS FRLPGEAQKI DRMMEAFAQR YCLCNPGVFQ
   181  STDTCYVLSF AVIMLNTSLH NPNVRDKPGL ERFVAMNRGI NEGGDLPEEL LRNLYDSIRN
   241  EPFKIPEDDG NDLTHTFFNP DREGWLLKLG GGRVKTWKRR WFILTDNCLY YFEYTTDKEP
   301  RGIIPLENLS IREVDDPRKP NCFELYIPNN KGQLIKACKT EADGRVVEGN HMVYRISAPT
   361  QEEKDEWIKS IQAAVSVDPF YEMLAARKKR ISVKKKQEQP

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CYTH2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Cell surface
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.31
Highest tissue expression: 58 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

thyroid gland: 58 nTPM
testis: 41 nTPM
retina: 31 nTPM
salivary gland: 28 nTPM
kidney: 23 nTPM
gallbladder: 20 nTPM

Single-cell type

early spermatids: 364 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 324 nCPM
late spermatids: 233 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 179 nCPM
syncytiotrophoblasts: 176 nCPM
oocytes: 106 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 7.1 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 3.9 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 3.6 nTPM
T-reg: 3.5 nTPM
memory CD4 T-cell: 3.1 nTPM
basophil: 2.7 nTPM

Brain region

thalamus: 28 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 25 nTPM
white matter: 24 nTPM
midbrain: 24 nTPM
cerebellum: 23 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 21 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.47
gnomAD pLI: 0.25
gnomAD missense Z: 2.15
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.04
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CYTH2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CYTH2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CYTH2 could matter depends on whether native CYTH2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CYTH2 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CYTH2 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CYTH2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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