Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

STING1

Stimulator of interferon genes protein

Also known as: ERIS, FLJ38577, MITA, MPYS, NET23, STING, STING_HUMAN, TMEM173

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q86WV6
Gene
STING1
Ensembl
ENSG00000184584
Chromosome
5
Canonical length
379 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Primary cilium,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signaling by associating with type II major histocompatibility complex. Mutations in this gene are the cause of infantile-onset STING-associated vasculopathy. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

379 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q86WV6|STING1
     1  MPHSSLHPSI PCPRGHGAQK AALVLLSACL VTLWGLGEPP EHTLRYLVLH LASLQLGLLL
    61  NGVCSLAEEL RHIHSRYRGS YWRTVRACLG CPLRRGALLL LSIYFYYSLP NAVGPPFTWM
   121  LALLGLSQAL NILLGLKGLA PAEISAVCEK GNFNVAHGLA WSYYIGYLRL ILPELQARIR
   181  TYNQHYNNLL RGAVSQRLYI LLPLDCGVPD NLSMADPNIR FLDKLPQQTG DHAGIKDRVY
   241  SNSIYELLEN GQRAGTCVLE YATPLQTLFA MSQYSQAGFS REDRLEQAKL FCRTLEDILA
   301  DAPESQNNCR LIAYQEPADD SSFSLSQEVL RHLRQEEKEE VTVGSLKTSA VPSTSTMSQE
   361  PELLISGMEK PLPLRTDFS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against STING1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
4
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.39
Highest tissue expression
57 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • lung: 57 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 54 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 53 nTPM
  • spleen: 50 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 46 nTPM
  • fallopian tube: 44 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • microglia: 31 nCPM
  • choroid plexus epithelial cells: 26 nCPM
  • papillary tip epithelial cells: 11 nCPM
  • endometrial secretory cells: 9.1 nCPM
  • medullary thymic epithelial cells: 7.2 nCPM
  • hepatic stellate cells: 6.5 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 91 nTPM
  • T-reg: 66 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 61 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 61 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 58 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 57 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 21 nTPM
  • thalamus: 6.1 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 4.7 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 3.9 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 3.7 nTPM
  • midbrain: 3.7 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about STING1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions STING1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • STING-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset (SAVI) MIM:615934

Disease | GeneticClinVar

11 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 394 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.9
gnomAD pLI
0
DepMap mean gene effect
0.03
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

  • Stimulator of interferon genes protein
  • Stimulator of interferon genes protein, C-terminal domain superfamily
  • Stimulator of interferon genes protein, C-terminal
  • STING, ligand-binding domain
  • STING, transmembrane domain
  • STING ligand-binding domain
  • STING transmembrane domain

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of STING1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads STING1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against STING1 could matter depends on whether native STING1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

STING1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native STING1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label STING1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/STING1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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