Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ULK1

Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1

Also known as: ATG1, ATG1A, ULK1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: O75385
Gene: ULK1
Ensembl: ENSG00000177169
Chromosome: 12
Canonical length: 1050 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables identical protein binding activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; and small GTPase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including autophagosome assembly; protein phosphorylation; and regulation of autophagy. Located in bounding membrane of organelle; cytosol; and phagophore assembly site membrane. Part of Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex. Is active in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

1050 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O75385|ULK1
     1  MEPGRGGTET VGKFEFSRKD LIGHGAFAVV FKGRHREKHD LEVAVKCINK KNLAKSQTLL
    61  GKEIKILKEL KHENIVALYD FQEMANSVYL VMEYCNGGDL ADYLHAMRTL SEDTIRLFLQ
   121  QIAGAMRLLH SKGIIHRDLK PQNILLSNPA GRRANPNSIR VKIADFGFAR YLQSNMMAAT
   181  LCGSPMYMAP EVIMSQHYDG KADLWSIGTI VYQCLTGKAP FQASSPQDLR LFYEKNKTLV
   241  PTIPRETSAP LRQLLLALLQ RNHKDRMDFD EFFHHPFLDA SPSVRKSPPV PVPSYPSSGS
   301  GSSSSSSSTS HLASPPSLGE MQQLQKTLAS PADTAGFLHS SRDSGGSKDS SCDTDDFVMV
   361  PAQFPGDLVA EAPSAKPPPD SLMCSGSSLV ASAGLESHGR TPSPSPPCSS SPSPSGRAGP
   421  FSSSRCGASV PIPVPTQVQN YQRIERNLQS PTQFQTPRSS AIRRSGSTSP LGFARASPSP
   481  PAHAEHGGVL ARKMSLGGGR PYTPSPQVGT IPERPGWSGT PSPQGAEMRG GRSPRPGSSA
   541  PEHSPRTSGL GCRLHSAPNL SDLHVVRPKL PKPPTDPLGA VFSPPQASPP QPSHGLQSCR
   601  NLRGSPKLPD FLQRNPLPPI LGSPTKAVPS FDFPKTPSSQ NLLALLARQG VVMTPPRNRT
   661  LPDLSEVGPF HGQPLGPGLR PGEDPKGPFG RSFSTSRLTD LLLKAAFGTQ APDPGSTESL
   721  QEKPMEIAPS AGFGGSLHPG ARAGGTSSPS PVVFTVGSPP SGSTPPQGPR TRMFSAGPTG
   781  SASSSARHLV PGPCSEAPAP ELPAPGHGCS FADPITANLE GAVTFEAPDL PEETLMEQEH
   841  TEILRGLRFT LLFVQHVLEI AALKGSASEA AGGPEYQLQE SVVADQISLL SREWGFAEQL
   901  VLYLKVAELL SSGLQSAIDQ IRAGKLCLSS TVKQVVRRLN ELYKASVVSC QGLSLRLQRF
   961  FLDKQRLLDR IHSITAERLI FSHAVQMVQS AALDEMFQHR EGCVPRYHKA LLLLEGLQHM
  1021  LSDQADIENV TKCKLCIERR LSALLTGICA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ULK1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.5
Highest tissue expression: 77 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

skeletal muscle: 77 nTPM
basal ganglia: 60 nTPM
pancreas: 53 nTPM
pituitary gland: 45 nTPM
cerebellum: 44 nTPM
skin: 41 nTPM

Single-cell type

neutrophils: 208 nCPM
renal collecting duct intercalated cells: 119 nCPM
neutrophil progenitors: 94 nCPM
rod photoreceptor cells: 92 nCPM
adrenal cortex cells: 92 nCPM
retinal horizontal cells: 72 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 4 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 3.8 nTPM
eosinophil: 1.4 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0.9 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0.4 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0.4 nTPM

Brain region

basal ganglia: 122 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 84 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 77 nTPM
amygdala: 70 nTPM
white matter: 51 nTPM
pons: 49 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.29
gnomAD pLI: 0.99
gnomAD missense Z: 1.07
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.02
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ULK1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ULK1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ULK1 could matter depends on whether native ULK1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ULK1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ULK1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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