Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PTEN

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN

Also known as: BZS, MHAM, MMAC1, PTEN_HUMAN, PTEN1, TEP1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P60484
Gene
PTEN
Ensembl
ENSG00000171862
Chromosome
10
Canonical length
403 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol,Mid piece,Principal piece
Secretome location
Intracellular and membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway. The use of a non-canonical (CUG) upstream initiation site produces a longer isoform that initiates translation with a leucine, and is thought to be preferentially associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane. This longer isoform may help regulate energy metabolism in the mitochondria. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 9. Alternative splicing and the use of multiple translation start codons results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

403 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P60484|PTEN
     1  MTAIIKEIVS RNKRRYQEDG FDLDLTYIYP NIIAMGFPAE RLEGVYRNNI DDVVRFLDSK
    61  HKNHYKIYNL CAERHYDTAK FNCRVAQYPF EDHNPPQLEL IKPFCEDLDQ WLSEDDNHVA
   121  AIHCKAGKGR TGVMICAYLL HRGKFLKAQE ALDFYGEVRT RDKKGVTIPS QRRYVYYYSY
   181  LLKNHLDYRP VALLFHKMMF ETIPMFSGGT CNPQFVVCQL KVKIYSSNSG PTRREDKFMY
   241  FEFPQPLPVC GDIKVEFFHK QNKMLKKDKM FHFWVNTFFI PGPEETSEKV ENGSLCDQEI
   301  DSICSIERAD NDKEYLVLTL TKNDLDKANK DKANRYFSPN FKVKLYFTKT VEEPSNPEAS
   361  SSTSVTPDVS DNEPDHYRYS DTTDSDPENE PFDEDQHTQI TKV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PTEN can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.31
Highest tissue expression
51 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • cervix: 51 nTPM
  • placenta: 47 nTPM
  • thymus: 41 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 41 nTPM
  • liver: 40 nTPM
  • smooth muscle: 34 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • choroid plexus epithelial cells: 282 nCPM
  • microglia: 280 nCPM
  • brain excitatory neurons: 240 nCPM
  • distal convoluted tubule cells: 220 nCPM
  • renal collecting duct principal cells: 211 nCPM
  • papillary tip epithelial cells: 211 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 63 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 28 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 23 nTPM
  • basophil: 23 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 17 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 15 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebral cortex: 34 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 32 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 21 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 21 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 20 nTPM
  • thalamus: 19 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PTEN.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions PTEN is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

1,298 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 4,043 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.51
gnomAD pLI
0.26
gnomAD missense Z
3.49
DepMap mean gene effect
0.42
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PTEN in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PTEN as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PTEN could matter depends on whether native PTEN is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PTEN is annotated as secreted, so native PTEN circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PTEN as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PTEN. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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