Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ATF2

Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2

Also known as: ATF2_HUMAN, CRE-BP1, CREB2, HB16, TREB7

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P15336
Gene
ATF2
Ensembl
ENSG00000115966
Chromosome
2
Canonical length
505 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions This protein binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE), an octameric palindrome. It forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with c-Jun and stimulates CRE-dependent transcription. This protein is also a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that specifically acetylates histones H2B and H4 in vitro; thus it may represent a class of sequence-specific factors that activate transcription by direct effects on chromatin components. The encoded protein may also be involved in cell's DNA damage response independent of its role in transcriptional regulation. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

505 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P15336|ATF2
     1  MKFKLHVNSA RQYKDLWNMS DDKPFLCTAP GCGQRFTNED HLAVHKHKHE MTLKFGPARN
    61  DSVIVADQTP TPTRFLKNCE EVGLFNELAS PFENEFKKAS EDDIKKMPLD LSPLATPIIR
   121  SKIEEPSVVE TTHQDSPLPH PESTTSDEKE VPLAQTAQPT SAIVRPASLQ VPNVLLTSSD
   181  SSVIIQQAVP SPTSSTVITQ APSSNRPIVP VPGPFPLLLH LPNGQTMPVA IPASITSSNV
   241  HVPAAVPLVR PVTMVPSVPG IPGPSSPQPV QSEAKMRLKA ALTQQHPPVT NGDTVKGHGS
   301  GLVRTQSEES RPQSLQQPAT STTETPASPA HTTPQTQSTS GRRRRAANED PDEKRRKFLE
   361  RNRAAASRCR QKRKVWVQSL EKKAEDLSSL NGQLQSEVTL LRNEVAQLKQ LLLAHKDCPV
   421  TAMQKKSGYH TADKDDSSED ISVPSSPHTE AIQHSSVSTS NGVSSTSKAE AVATSVLTQM
   481  ADQSTEPALS QIVMAPSSQS QPSGS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ATF2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.65
Highest tissue expression
30 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thyroid gland: 30 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 27 nTPM
  • thymus: 26 nTPM
  • liver: 25 nTPM
  • cervix: 24 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 23 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • late spermatids: 230 nCPM
  • lactotrophs: 162 nCPM
  • thyrotrophs: 158 nCPM
  • corticotrophs: 150 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 147 nCPM
  • pituicytes/fscs: 140 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 35 nTPM
  • T-reg: 24 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 24 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 22 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 22 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 21 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 70 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 67 nTPM
  • white matter: 62 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 58 nTPM
  • pons: 56 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 54 nTPM

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for ATF2 from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed

1 publication

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.28
gnomAD pLI
0.99
gnomAD missense Z
2.35
DepMap mean gene effect
0.06
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ATF2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ATF2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ATF2 could matter depends on whether native ATF2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ATF2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ATF2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/ATF2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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