Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel
IPR006201
Definition
The receptors are composed of varying numbers and types of subunit. Each subunit contains a large extracellular N-terminal ligand-binding region; 3 hydrophobic transmembrane domains; a large intracellular region; and a fourth hydrophobic domain. The GABA, acetylcholine, serotonin 5HT3 and glycine receptors share a degree of sequence similarity, but differ from the glutamate receptors - sequences of this family possess 2 Cys residues in the N-terminal domain, which, in nicotinic receptors, form a disulphide bond essential for correct folding of the structure PMID:1356407. This entry includes the subunits of the GABA-A, nicotinic, glycine, glutamate and 5HT3 receptors. Neurotransmitter ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane receptor-ion channel complexes that open transiently upon binding of specific ligands, allowing rapid transmission of signals at chemical synapses [[cite:PMID:1721053], [cite:PMID:1846404]]. Five of these ion channel receptor families have been shown to form a sequence-related superfamily: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AchR), an excitatory cation channel in vertebrates and invertebrates; in vertebrate motor endplates it is composed of alpha, beta, gamma and delta/epsilon subunits; in neurons it is composed of alpha and non-alpha (or beta) subunits PMID:18446614. Glycine receptor, an inhibitory chloride ion channel composed of alpha and beta subunits PMID:15383648. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, an inhibitory chloride ion channel; at least four types of subunits (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) are known PMID:18760291. Serotonin 5HT3 receptor, of which there are seven major types (5HT3-5HT7) PMID:10026168. Glutamate receptor, an excitatory cation channel of which at least three types have been described (kainate, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and quisqualate) PMID:15165736. These receptors possess a pentameric structure (made up of varying subunits), surrounding a central pore. All known sequences of subunits from neurotransmitter-gated ion-channels are structurally related. They are composed of a large extracellular glycosylated N-terminal ligand-binding domain, followed by three hydrophobic transmembrane regions which form the ionic channel, followed by an intracellular region of variable length. A fourth hydrophobic region is found at the C-terminal of the sequence [[cite:PMID:1721053], [cite:PMID:1846404]].
46 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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