Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CHRNA3

Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3

Also known as: ACHA3_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P32297
Gene
CHRNA3
Ensembl
ENSG00000080644
Chromosome
15
Canonical length
505 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, FDA approved drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Nuclear speckles,Plasma membrane,Primary cilium tip,Primary cilium transition zone,Basal body,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This locus encodes a member of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor family of proteins. Members of this family of proteins form pentameric complexes comprised of both alpha and beta subunits. This locus encodes an alpha-type subunit, as it contains characteristic adjacent cysteine residues. The encoded protein is a ligand-gated ion channel that likely plays a role in neurotransmission. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with an increased risk of smoking initiation and an increased susceptibility to lung cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

505 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P32297|CHRNA3
     1  MGSGPLSLPL ALSPPRLLLL LLLSLLPVAR ASEAEHRLFE RLFEDYNEII RPVANVSDPV
    61  IIHFEVSMSQ LVKVDEVNQI METNLWLKQI WNDYKLKWNP SDYGGAEFMR VPAQKIWKPD
   121  IVLYNNAVGD FQVDDKTKAL LKYTGEVTWI PPAIFKSSCK IDVTYFPFDY QNCTMKFGSW
   181  SYDKAKIDLV LIGSSMNLKD YWESGEWAII KAPGYKHDIK YNCCEEIYPD ITYSLYIRRL
   241  PLFYTINLII PCLLISFLTV LVFYLPSDCG EKVTLCISVL LSLTVFLLVI TETIPSTSLV
   301  IPLIGEYLLF TMIFVTLSIV ITVFVLNVHY RTPTTHTMPS WVKTVFLNLL PRVMFMTRPT
   361  SNEGNAQKPR PLYGAELSNL NCFSRAESKG CKEGYPCQDG MCGYCHHRRI KISNFSANLT
   421  RSSSSESVDA VLSLSALSPE IKEAIQSVKY IAENMKAQNE AKEIQDDWKY VAMVIDRIFL
   481  WVFTLVCILG TAGLFLQPLM AREDA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CHRNA3 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
4
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.37
Highest tissue expression
61 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thymus: 61 nTPM
  • retina: 50 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 37 nTPM
  • colon: 8.2 nTPM
  • appendix: 4.8 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 4.8 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • retinal pigment epithelial cells: 503 nCPM
  • cone photoreceptor cells: 159 nCPM
  • adrenal medulla cells: 117 nCPM
  • oocytes: 32 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 11 nCPM
  • cardiomyocytes: 7.9 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • pons: 23 nTPM
  • thalamus: 21 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 15 nTPM
  • midbrain: 14 nTPM
  • amygdala: 11 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 7.9 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CHRNA3.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions CHRNA3 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Bladder dysfunction, autonomic, with impaired pupillary reflex and secondary CAKUT (BAIPRCK) MIM:191800

Disease | GeneticClinVar

16 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 201 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.15
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.73
DepMap mean gene effect
0.09
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CHRNA3 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CHRNA3 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CHRNA3 could matter depends on whether native CHRNA3 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CHRNA3 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CHRNA3 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CHRNA3 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CHRNA3. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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