Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

H2AX

Histone H2AX

Also known as: H2AFX, H2AX_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P16104
Gene
H2AX
Ensembl
ENSG00000188486
Chromosome
11
Canonical length
143 aa
Protein class
Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Nuclear speckles

OverviewNCBI Gene

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene encodes a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H2A family, and generates two transcripts through the use of the conserved stem-loop termination motif, and the polyA addition motif. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

143 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P16104|H2AX
     1  MSGRGKTGGK ARAKAKSRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGHY AERVGAGAPV YLAAVLEYLT
    61  AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAIRN DEELNKLLGG VTIAQGGVLP NIQAVLLPKK
   121  TSATVGPKAP SGGKKATQAS QEY

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against H2AX can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.51
Highest tissue expression
43 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • esophagus: 43 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 42 nTPM
  • midbrain: 38 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 35 nTPM
  • amygdala: 33 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 33 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • breast lactating cells: 200 nCPM
  • epididymal basal cells: 157 nCPM
  • breast myoepithelial cells: 153 nCPM
  • pdcs: 146 nCPM
  • breast secretory cells: 140 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 113 nCPM

Immune cell

  • eosinophil: 4.3 nTPM
  • basophil: 3.9 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 2.2 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 1.8 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 1.7 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 1.7 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 84 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 72 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 60 nTPM
  • midbrain: 60 nTPM
  • pons: 60 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 59 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about H2AX.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on H2AX was assayed in.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.63
gnomAD pLI
0.18
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.49
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of H2AX in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads H2AX as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against H2AX could matter depends on whether native H2AX is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

H2AX is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label H2AX as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/H2AX. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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