Transforming growth factor beta, conserved site
IPR017948
Definition
This entry represents a a region which includes two of the conserved cysteines. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. TGF-beta-1 is a peptide of 112 amino acid residues derived by proteolytic cleavage from the C-terminal of a precursor protein PMID:8679613. A number of proteins are known to be related to TGF-beta-1 [[cite:PMID:1575734], [cite:PMID:8199356]]. Proteins from the TGF-beta family are only active as homo- or heterodimer; the two chains being linked by a single disulphide bond. From X-ray studies of TGF-beta-2 PMID:1631557, it is known that all the other cysteines are involved in intrachain disulphide bonds. There are four disulphide bonds in the TGF-beta's and in inhibin beta chains, while the other members of this family lack the first bond. The regulatory cytokine TGF-beta exerts tumour-suppressive effects, but also modulates cell invasion and immune regulation PMID:18662538. Misregulation of the TGF-beta signalling pathway can result in tumour development.
32 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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