Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MRPS23

Small ribosomal subunit protein mS23

Also known as: CGI-138, HSPC329, MRP-S23, RT23_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9Y3D9
Gene
MRPS23
Ensembl
ENSG00000181610
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
190 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location
Nuclear membrane,Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome 7p. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

190 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9Y3D9|MRPS23
     1  MAGSRLETVG SIFSRTRDLV RAGVLKEKPL WFDVYDAFPP LREPVFQRPR VRYGKAKAPI
    61  QDIWYHEDRI RAKFYSVYGS GQRAFDLFNP NFKSTCQRFV EKYTELQKLG ETDEEKLFVE
   121  TGKALLAEGV ILRRVGEART QHGGSHVSRK SEHLSVRPQT ALEENETQKE VPQDQHLEAP
   181  ADQSKGLLPP

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MRPS23 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.52
Highest tissue expression
80 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • heart muscle: 80 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 57 nTPM
  • parathyroid gland: 45 nTPM
  • tongue: 42 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 39 nTPM
  • pancreas: 37 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • gastric progenitor cells: 114 nCPM
  • oocytes: 111 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 110 nCPM
  • gastric chief cells: 109 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 106 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 100 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 68 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 67 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 58 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 55 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 52 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 48 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 33 nTPM
  • pons: 32 nTPM
  • midbrain: 31 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 30 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 30 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 30 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about MRPS23.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions MRPS23 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 46 (COXPD46) MIM:618952

Disease | GeneticClinVar

1 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 84 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 46

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.8
gnomAD pLI
0.13
gnomAD missense Z
0.17
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.6
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 16% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

  • Small ribosomal subunit protein mS23, metazoa
  • Small ribosomal subunit protein mS23, conserved domain, metazoa
  • Small ribosomal subunit protein mS23, conserved domain
  • Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S23

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MRPS23 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MRPS23 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MRPS23 could matter depends on whether native MRPS23 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MRPS23 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MRPS23 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/MRPS23. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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