Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MRPS31

Small ribosomal subunit protein mS31

Also known as: IMOGN38, RT31_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q92665
Gene: MRPS31
Ensembl: ENSG00000102738
Chromosome: 13
Canonical length: 395 aa
Protein class: Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoli,Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. The 28S subunit of the mammalian mitoribosome may play a crucial and characteristic role in translation initiation. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that has also been associated with type 1 diabetes; however, its relationship to the etiology of this disease remains to be clarified. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene have been found on chromosomes 3 and 13. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

395 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q92665|MRPS31
     1  MFPRVSTFLP LRPLSRHPLS SGSPETSAAA IMLLTVRHGT VRYRSSALLA RTKNNIQRYF
    61  GTNSVICSKK DKQSVRTEET SKETSESQDS EKENTKKDLL GIIKGMKVEL STVNVRTTKP
   121  PKRRPLKSLE ATLGRLRRAT EYAPKKRIEP LSPELVAAAS AVADSLPFDK QTTKSELLSQ
   181  LQQHEEESRA QRDAKRPKIS FSNIISDMKV ARSATARVRS RPELRIQFDE GYDNYPGQEK
   241  TDDLKKRKNI FTGKRLNIFD MMAVTKEAPE TDTSPSLWDV EFAKQLATVN EQPLQNGFEE
   301  LIQWTKEGKL WEFPINNEAG FDDDGSEFHE HIFLEKHLES FPKQGPIRHF MELVTCGLSK
   361  NPYLSVKQKV EHIEWFRNYF NEKKDILKES NIQFN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MRPS31 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.59
Highest tissue expression: 27 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

liver: 27 nTPM
skeletal muscle: 26 nTPM
tongue: 24 nTPM
tonsil: 24 nTPM
heart muscle: 23 nTPM
lymph node: 22 nTPM

Single-cell type

respiratory ciliated cells: 446 nCPM
oocytes: 207 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 165 nCPM
plasma cells: 123 nCPM
hepatocytes: 105 nCPM
fallopian tube ciliated cells: 95 nCPM

Immune cell

naive CD4 T-cell: 39 nTPM
memory B-cell: 37 nTPM
T-reg: 37 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 34 nTPM
naive B-cell: 34 nTPM
memory CD4 T-cell: 33 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 19 nTPM
cerebellum: 17 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 16 nTPM
pons: 16 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 15 nTPM
midbrain: 15 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.87
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.1
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.41
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

mitochondrial translation

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Mitochondrial 28S ribosomal protein S31
Mitochondrial 28S ribosomal protein S31

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MRPS31 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MRPS31 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MRPS31 could matter depends on whether native MRPS31 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MRPS31 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MRPS31 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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