ATG5
Autophagy protein 5
Also known as: APG5, APG5L, ASP, ATG5_HUMAN, hAPG5
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q9H1Y0
- Gene
- ATG5
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000057663
- Chromosome
- 6
- Canonical length
- 275 aa
- Protein class
- Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters
- Subcellular location
- Vesicles,Primary cilium transition zone,Centrosome,Basal body
OverviewNCBI Gene
The protein encoded by this gene, in combination with autophagy protein 12, functions as an E1-like activating enzyme in a ubiquitin-like conjugating system. The encoded protein is involved in several cellular processes, including autophagic vesicle formation, mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, negative regulation of the innate antiviral immune response, lymphocyte development and proliferation, MHC II antigen presentation, adipocyte differentiation, and apoptosis. Several transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
275 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q9H1Y0|ATG5
1 MTDDKDVLRD VWFGRIPTCF TLYQDEITER EAEPYYLLLP RVSYLTLVTD KVKKHFQKVM
61 RQEDISEIWF EYEGTPLKWH YPIGLLFDLL ASSSALPWNI TVHFKSFPEK DLLHCPSKDA
121 IEAHFMSCMK EADALKHKSQ VINEMQKKDH KQLWMGLQND RFDQFWAINR KLMEYPAEEN
181 GFRYIPFRIY QTTTERPFIQ KLFRPVAADG QLHTLGDLLK EVCPSAIDPE DGEKKNQVMI
241 HGIEPMLETP LQWLSEHLSY PDNFLHISII PQPTDLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against ATG5 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.27
- Highest tissue expression
- 17 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- liver: 17 nTPM
- thyroid gland: 16 nTPM
- epididymis: 16 nTPM
- adrenal gland: 16 nTPM
- colon: 15 nTPM
- breast: 14 nTPM
Single-cell type
- esophageal apical cells: 655 nCPM
- plasma cells: 442 nCPM
- t-cells: 192 nCPM
- neutrophil progenitors: 181 nCPM
- nk-cells: 159 nCPM
- endometrial glandular cells: 147 nCPM
Immune cell
- eosinophil: 9.6 nTPM
- non-classical monocyte: 8.9 nTPM
- MAIT T-cell: 8.5 nTPM
- T-reg: 6.9 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 6.1 nTPM
- naive CD4 T-cell: 6 nTPM
Brain region
- cerebral cortex: 8.8 nTPM
- choroid plexus: 8.2 nTPM
- hypothalamus: 8 nTPM
- white matter: 7.6 nTPM
- cerebellum: 7.5 nTPM
- midbrain: 7.4 nTPM
DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed
Four sources answering four different questions about ATG5.
Disease | AllUniProt
Conditions ATG5 is implicated in, by any mechanism.
- Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, 25 (SCAR25) MIM:617584
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 0.3
- gnomAD pLI
- 0.98
- gnomAD missense Z
- 1.82
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.01
- DepMap dependency class
- selective
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- aggrephagy
- antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen
- autophagosome assembly
- autophagy
- axonal transport
- blood vessel remodeling
- cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
- cellular response to nitrogen starvation
- cellular response to nitrosative stress
- chaperone-mediated autophagy
- chromatin organization
- defense response to virus
- heart contraction
- innate immune response
- macroautophagy
- mitophagy
- mucus secretion
- negative regulation of autophagic cell death
- negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
- negative regulation of defense response to virus
- negative regulation of innate immune response
- negative regulation of phagocytosis
- negative regulation of protein ubiquitination
- negative regulation of type I interferon production
- negative stranded viral RNA replication
- negative thymic T cell selection
- otolith development
- piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus
- positive regulation of autophagy
- positive regulation of mucus secretion
- positive regulation of stress granule assembly
- positive regulation of viral translation
- post-translational protein modification
- postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
- protein ubiquitination
- regulation of autophagosome maturation
- regulation of cilium assembly
- regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
- regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels
- regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
- response to fluoride
- response to fungus
- response to iron(II) ion
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- vasodilation
- ventricular cardiac muscle cell development
Molecular functions
Cellular components
- Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex
- autophagosome
- axon
- axoneme
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- glutamatergic synapse
- membrane
- mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site
- phagocytic vesicle membrane
- phagophore
- phagophore assembly site membrane
- postsynapse
- protein-containing complex
- Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse
- transferase complex
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
- Autophagy-related protein 5
- Autophagy protein Atg5, helix rich domain
- Autophagy protein Atg5, UblA domain superfamily
- Autophagy protein ATG5, UblB domain
- Autophagy protein ATG5, UblA domain
- Autophagy protein ATG5, alpha-helical bundle region
- Autophagy protein ATG5, UblB domain
- Autophagy protein ATG5, alpha-helical bundle region
- Autophagy protein ATG5, UblA domain
KeywordsUniProt
InteractionsUniProt · HPA
Protein binding partners of ATG5 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads ATG5 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ATG5 could matter depends on whether native ATG5 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
ATG5 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label ATG5 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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