Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

BACE1

Beta-secretase 1

Also known as: BACE, BACE1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P56817
Gene
BACE1
Ensembl
ENSG00000186318
Chromosome
11
Canonical length
501 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Plasma membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the peptidase A1 family of aspartic proteases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protease. This transmembrane protease catalyzes the first step in the formation of amyloid beta peptide from amyloid precursor protein. Amyloid beta peptides are the main constituent of amyloid beta plaques, which accumulate in the brains of human Alzheimer's disease patients. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

501 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P56817|BACE1
     1  MAQALPWLLL WMGAGVLPAH GTQHGIRLPL RSGLGGAPLG LRLPRETDEE PEEPGRRGSF
    61  VEMVDNLRGK SGQGYYVEMT VGSPPQTLNI LVDTGSSNFA VGAAPHPFLH RYYQRQLSST
   121  YRDLRKGVYV PYTQGKWEGE LGTDLVSIPH GPNVTVRANI AAITESDKFF INGSNWEGIL
   181  GLAYAEIARP DDSLEPFFDS LVKQTHVPNL FSLQLCGAGF PLNQSEVLAS VGGSMIIGGI
   241  DHSLYTGSLW YTPIRREWYY EVIIVRVEIN GQDLKMDCKE YNYDKSIVDS GTTNLRLPKK
   301  VFEAAVKSIK AASSTEKFPD GFWLGEQLVC WQAGTTPWNI FPVISLYLMG EVTNQSFRIT
   361  ILPQQYLRPV EDVATSQDDC YKFAISQSST GTVMGAVIME GFYVVFDRAR KRIGFAVSAC
   421  HVHDEFRTAA VEGPFVTLDM EDCGYNIPQT DESTLMTIAY VMAAICALFM LPLCLMVCQW
   481  RCLRCLRQQH DDFADDISLL K

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against BACE1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.31
Highest tissue expression
244 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • pancreas: 244 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 113 nTPM
  • midbrain: 48 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 46 nTPM
  • retina: 41 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 32 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • late spermatids: 588 nCPM
  • cone photoreceptor cells: 180 nCPM
  • oligodendrocytes: 148 nCPM
  • pancreatic acinar cells: 126 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 125 nCPM
  • rod photoreceptor cells: 97 nCPM

Immune cell

  • intermediate monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 243 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 194 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 153 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 150 nTPM
  • midbrain: 149 nTPM
  • pons: 145 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.37
gnomAD pLI
0.88
gnomAD missense Z
2.24
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.07
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of BACE1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads BACE1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against BACE1 could matter depends on whether native BACE1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

BACE1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native BACE1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label BACE1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/BACE1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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