Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

RPA1

Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit

Also known as: HSSB, REPA1, RF-A, RFA1_HUMAN, RP-A, RPA70

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P27694
Gene
RPA1
Ensembl
ENSG00000132383
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
616 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes the largest subunit of the heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA) complex, which binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), forming a nucleoprotein complex that plays an important role in DNA metabolism, being involved in DNA replication, repair, recombination, telomere maintenance, and co-ordinating the cellular response to DNA damage through activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) kinase. The nucleoprotein complex protects the single-stranded DNA from nucleases, prevents formation of secondary structures that would interfere with repair, and co-ordinates the recruitment and departure of different genome maintenance factors. This subunit contains four oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) domains, though the majority of ssDNA binding occurs in two of these domains. The heterotrimeric complex has two different modes of ssDNA binding, a low-affinity and high-affinity mode, determined by which ssDNA binding domains are utilized. The different binding modes differ in the length of DNA bound and in the proteins with which it interacts, thereby playing a role in regulating different genomic maintenance pathways. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

616 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P27694|RPA1
     1  MVGQLSEGAI AAIMQKGDTN IKPILQVINI RPITTGNSPP RYRLLMSDGL NTLSSFMLAT
    61  QLNPLVEEEQ LSSNCVCQIH RFIVNTLKDG RRVVILMELE VLKSAEAVGV KIGNPVPYNE
   121  GLGQPQVAPP APAASPAASS RPQPQNGSSG MGSTVSKAYG ASKTFGKAAG PSLSHTSGGT
   181  QSKVVPIASL TPYQSKWTIC ARVTNKSQIR TWSNSRGEGK LFSLELVDES GEIRATAFNE
   241  QVDKFFPLIE VNKVYYFSKG TLKIANKQFT AVKNDYEMTF NNETSVMPCE DDHHLPTVQF
   301  DFTGIDDLEN KSKDSLVDII GICKSYEDAT KITVRSNNRE VAKRNIYLMD TSGKVVTATL
   361  WGEDADKFDG SRQPVLAIKG ARVSDFGGRS LSVLSSSTII ANPDIPEAYK LRGWFDAEGQ
   421  ALDGVSISDL KSGGVGGSNT NWKTLYEVKS ENLGQGDKPD YFSSVATVVY LRKENCMYQA
   481  CPTQDCNKKV IDQQNGLYRC EKCDTEFPNF KYRMILSVNI ADFQENQWVT CFQESAEAIL
   541  GQNAAYLGEL KDKNEQAFEE VFQNANFRSF IFRVRVKVET YNDESRIKAT VMDVKPVDYR
   601  EYGRRLVMSI RRSALM

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against RPA1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.34
Highest tissue expression
49 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 49 nTPM
  • tonsil: 36 nTPM
  • thymus: 35 nTPM
  • lymph node: 34 nTPM
  • tongue: 32 nTPM
  • ovary: 26 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • oocytes: 184 nCPM
  • platelets: 166 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 102 nCPM
  • erythrocyte progenitors: 98 nCPM
  • kupffer cells: 93 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 89 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 81 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 61 nTPM
  • T-reg: 57 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 55 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 55 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 54 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 30 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 29 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 27 nTPM
  • pons: 27 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 26 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 24 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about RPA1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions RPA1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Pulmonary fibrosis, and/or bone marrow failure syndrome, telomere-related, 6 (PFBMFT6) MIM:619767

Disease | GeneticClinVar

2 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 114 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, telomere-related, 6

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.43
gnomAD pLI
0.09
gnomAD missense Z
1.22
DepMap mean gene effect
-2.33
DepMap dependency class
pan

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of RPA1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads RPA1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against RPA1 could matter depends on whether native RPA1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

RPA1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label RPA1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/RPA1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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