Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

XPA

DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells

Also known as: XP1, XPA_HUMAN, XPAC

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P23025
Gene
XPA
Ensembl
ENSG00000136936
Chromosome
9
Canonical length
273 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Nuclear bodies,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a zinc finger protein plays a central role in nucleotide excision repair (NER), a specialized type of DNA repair. NER is responsible for repair of UV radiation-induced photoproducts and DNA adducts induced by chemical carcinogens and chemotherapeutic drugs. The encoded protein interacts with DNA and several NER proteins, acting as a scaffold to assemble the NER incision complex at sites of DNA damage. Mutations in this gene cause Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XP-A), an autosomal recessive skin disorder featuring hypersensitivity to sunlight and increased risk for skin cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

273 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P23025|XPA
     1  MAAADGALPE AAALEQPAEL PASVRASIER KRQRALMLRQ ARLAARPYSA TAAAATGGMA
    61  NVKAAPKIID TGGGFILEEE EEEEQKIGKV VHQPGPVMEF DYVICEECGK EFMDSYLMNH
   121  FDLPTCDNCR DADDKHKLIT KTEAKQEYLL KDCDLEKREP PLKFIVKKNP HHSQWGDMKL
   181  YLKLQIVKRS LEVWGSQEAL EEAKEVRQEN REKMKQKKFD KKVKELRRAV RSSVWKRETI
   241  VHQHEYGPEE NLEDDMYRKT CTMCGHELTY EKM

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against XPA can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.48
Highest tissue expression
22 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thyroid gland: 22 nTPM
  • colon: 22 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 22 nTPM
  • stomach: 21 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 18 nTPM
  • liver: 18 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • parietal cells: 152 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 138 nCPM
  • retinal bipolar cells: 94 nCPM
  • cardiomyocytes: 90 nCPM
  • retinal horizontal cells: 80 nCPM
  • smooth muscle cells: 79 nCPM

Immune cell

  • naive B-cell: 41 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 40 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 35 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 35 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 34 nTPM
  • T-reg: 33 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 14 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 12 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 12 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 11 nTPM
  • thalamus: 11 nTPM
  • white matter: 11 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about XPA.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions XPA is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XP-A) MIM:278700

Disease | GeneticClinVar

112 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 413 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.97
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.35
DepMap mean gene effect
0.03
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of XPA in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads XPA as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against XPA could matter depends on whether native XPA is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

XPA is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label XPA as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/XPA. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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