Galectin-like
IPR044156
Definition
This entry represents members of a family of galactoside-binding lectins (galectins) with related amino acid sequences, sometimes referred to as S-type or S-Lac lectins. Members of this family are found in tissues of many animals, ranging from lower invertebrates such as sponges and nematodes to mammals, including humans PMID:8124704. This family also includes Galectin-related protein and Grifin, galectin relatives which lack of beta-galactosides binding activity. Animal lectins are proteins that bind to sugars and are involved in most non-structural roles of sugars, including trafficking of glycoconjugates and cell-cell recognition. Although they may be structurally very complex, they typically bind through the activity of a specific compact protein domain known as a carbohydrate-binding domain or CRD PMID:9787635. Animal lectins display a wide variety of architectures, and are classified according to the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) of which there are two main types, S-type and C-type. Galectins (previously S-lectins) bind exclusively beta-galactosides like lactose. They do not require metal ions for activity. Galectins are found predominantly, but not exclusively in mammals PMID:8124704. Their function is unclear. They are developmentally regulated and may be involved in differentiation, cellular regulation and tissue construction. Mammalian galectins typically bind beta-galactosides. Their CRD shows a structural similarity to L-type lectin CRDs, but no strong sequence similarity, suggesting convergent evolution PMID:8262940. They are classified into three subgroups: proto type, which contain one CRD (Gal-1, -2, -5, -7, -10, -11, -13, -14 and -15); tandem repeat type, which contain two CRDs in tandem (Gal-4, -6, -8, -9 and -12); and chimera type, which contain one CRD and an additional non-lectin domain (Gal-3) [[cite:PMID:8400545], [cite:PMID:14758066]].
16 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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