S100B

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P04271

Gene

S100B

Ensembl

ENSG00000160307

Chromosome

21

Canonical length

92 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters

Subcellular location

Nucleoplasm,Vesicles,Microtubules,Primary cilium,Basal body,Cytosol

Secretome location

Secreted - unknown location

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21; however, this gene is located at 21q22.3. This protein may function in Neurite extension, proliferation of melanoma cells, stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes, inhibition of PKC-mediated phosphorylation, astrocytosis and axonal proliferation, and inhibition of microtubule assembly. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in several neurological, neoplastic, and other types of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, melanoma, and type I diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

92 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04271|S100B
     1  MSELEKAMVA LIDVFHQYSG REGDKHKLKK SELKELINNE LSHFLEEIKE QEVVDKVMET
    61  LDNDGDGECD FQEFMAFVAM VTTACHEFFE HE

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against S100B can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Secreted

Secreted

Yes

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.35

Highest tissue expression

4,757 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about S100B.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on S100B was assayed in.

• multiple sclerosis B cell
• autoimmune disease of central nervous system B cell
• type 1 diabetes mellitus T cell

Disease | AutoantibodyPubMed

Conditions in which antibodies against S100B are reported. Each links to that disease's full target list.

• Psychotic Disorders 3

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for S100B from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.73

gnomAD pLI

0.04

gnomAD missense Z

0.4

DepMap mean gene effect

0.18

DepMap dependency class

none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• adaptive thermogenesis
• astrocyte differentiation
• axonogenesis
• cell adhesion
• cellular response to hypoxia
• central nervous system development
• learning or memory
• long-term synaptic potentiation
• memory
• negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation
• positive regulation of apoptotic process
• positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation
• positive regulation of myelination
• positive regulation of neuron differentiation
• regulation of cell shape
• regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
• response to anesthetic
• response to ethanol
• response to glucocorticoid
• response to methylmercury
• sympathetic neuron projection extension

Molecular functions

• calcium ion binding
• calcium-dependent protein binding
• identical protein binding
• protein homodimerization activity
• RAGE receptor binding
• S100 protein binding
• tau protein binding
• zinc ion binding

Cellular components

• ciliary basal body
• cilium
• cytoplasm
• cytosol
• extracellular region
• extracellular space
• microtubule cytoskeleton
• neuronal cell body
• nucleoplasm
• nucleus
• perinuclear region of cytoplasm
• ruffle

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• S100/Calcium binding protein 7/8-like, conserved site
• EF-hand domain
• EF-hand domain pair
• S100/CaBP-9k-type, calcium binding, subdomain
• EF-Hand 1, calcium-binding site
• EF hand domain
• S-100/ICaBP type calcium binding domain
• Protein S100-B

KeywordsUniProt

• Acetylation
• Calcium
• Cell adhesion
• Cytoplasm
• Metal-binding
• Nucleus
• Repeat
• Secreted
• Zinc

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of S100B in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• AGER
• ATAD3A
• CACYBP
• PPP5C
• S100A6
• TPPP
• CAPZA1
• MDM2
• S100A1
• S100A11
• S100A4
• S100P
• TP53