Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TPPP

Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein

Also known as: p25, p25alpha, TPPP_HUMAN, TPPP/p25, TPPP1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O94811
Gene
TPPP
Ensembl
ENSG00000171368
Chromosome
5
Canonical length
219 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables several functions, including magnesium ion binding activity; microtubule nucleator activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in several processes, including microtubule cytoskeleton organization; negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation; and positive regulation of protein polymerization. Located in several cellular components, including cytoskeleton; mitochondrion; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Is active in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

219 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O94811|TPPP
     1  MADKAKPAKA ANRTPPKSPG DPSKDRAAKR LSLESEGAGE GAAASPELSA LEEAFRRFAV
    61  HGDARATGRE MHGKNWSKLC KDCQVIDGRN VTVTDVDIVF SKIKGKSCRT ITFEQFQEAL
   121  EELAKKRFKD KSSEEAVREV HRLIEGKAPI ISGVTKAISS PTVSRLTDTT KFTGSHKERF
   181  DPSGKGKGKA GRVDLVDESG YVSGYKHAGT YDQKVQGGK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TPPP can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.47
Highest tissue expression
133 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • cerebral cortex: 133 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 122 nTPM
  • amygdala: 101 nTPM
  • midbrain: 95 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 93 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 93 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • oligodendrocytes: 125 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 45 nCPM
  • fallopian tube ciliated cells: 45 nCPM
  • other brain neurons: 42 nCPM
  • brain excitatory neurons: 42 nCPM
  • ependymal cells: 42 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 0.1 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 475 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 378 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 356 nTPM
  • thalamus: 354 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 329 nTPM
  • pons: 319 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.92
gnomAD pLI
0.2
gnomAD missense Z
0.76
DepMap mean gene effect
0.01
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TPPP in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TPPP as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TPPP could matter depends on whether native TPPP is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TPPP is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TPPP as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TPPP. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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