Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TOMM40

Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40 homolog

Also known as: C19orf1, D19S1177E, PER-EC1, PEREC1, TOM40, TOM40_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O96008
Gene
TOMM40
Ensembl
ENSG00000130204
Chromosome
19
Canonical length
361 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Mitochondria,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is localized in the outer membrane of the mitochondria. It is the channel-forming subunit of the translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane (TOM) complex that is essential for import of protein precursors into mitochondria. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

361 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O96008|TOMM40
     1  MGNVLAASSP PAGPPPPPAP ALVGLPPPPP SPPGFTLPPL GGSLGAGTST SRSSERTPGA
    61  ATASASGAAE DGACGCLPNP GTFEECHRKC KELFPIQMEG VKLTVNKGLS NHFQVNHTVA
   121  LSTIGESNYH FGVTYVGTKQ LSPTEAFPVL VGDMDNSGSL NAQVIHQLGP GLRSKMAIQT
   181  QQSKFVNWQV DGEYRGSDFT AAVTLGNPDV LVGSGILVAH YLQSITPCLA LGGELVYHRR
   241  PGEEGTVMSL AGKYTLNNWL ATVTLGQAGM HATYYHKASD QLQVGVEFEA STRMQDTSVS
   301  FGYQLDLPKA NLLFKGSVDS NWIVGATLEK KLPPLPLTLA LGAFLNHRKN KFQCGFGLTI
   361  G

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TOMM40 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
19
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.39
Highest tissue expression
61 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 61 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 56 nTPM
  • esophagus: 50 nTPM
  • liver: 48 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 43 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 37 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • esophageal basal cells: 251 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 179 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 172 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 154 nCPM
  • enteric transient amplifying cells: 127 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 124 nCPM

Immune cell

  • memory B-cell: 5.8 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 5.4 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 4.9 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 4.6 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 4.6 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 4.6 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 52 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 49 nTPM
  • midbrain: 48 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 47 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 47 nTPM
  • pons: 47 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.21
gnomAD pLI
0.99
gnomAD missense Z
2.16
DepMap mean gene effect
-1.16
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 8% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TOMM40 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TOMM40 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TOMM40 could matter depends on whether native TOMM40 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TOMM40 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TOMM40 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TOMM40. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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