Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TOMM22

Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22 homolog

Also known as: TOM22, TOM22_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9NS69
Gene: TOMM22
Ensembl: ENSG00000100216
Chromosome: 22
Canonical length: 142 aa
Protein class: Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location: Mitochondria
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. The encoded protein interacts with TOMM20 and TOMM40, and forms a complex with several other proteins to import cytosolic preproteins into the mitochondrion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

142 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NS69|TOMM22
     1  MAAAVAAAGA GEPQSPDELL PKGDAEKPEE ELEEDDDEEL DETLSERLWG LTEMFPERVR
    61  SAAGATFDLS LFVAQKMYRF SRAALWIGTT SFMILVLPVV FETEKLQMEQ QQQLQQRQIL
   121  LGPNTGLSGG MPGALPSLPG KI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TOMM22 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Other membrane
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.59
Highest tissue expression: 32 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

skeletal muscle: 32 nTPM
tongue: 29 nTPM
bone marrow: 29 nTPM
tonsil: 29 nTPM
heart muscle: 28 nTPM
esophagus: 28 nTPM

Single-cell type

esophageal suprabasal cells: 368 nCPM
esophageal basal cells: 368 nCPM
extravillous trophoblasts: 263 nCPM
migrating cytotrophoblasts: 255 nCPM
cytotrophoblasts: 211 nCPM
late spermatids: 195 nCPM

Immune cell

total PBMC: 73 nTPM
myeloid DC: 66 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 58 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 51 nTPM
classical monocyte: 51 nTPM
T-reg: 49 nTPM

Brain region

choroid plexus: 24 nTPM
thalamus: 24 nTPM
cerebellum: 23 nTPM
pons: 23 nTPM
hypothalamus: 23 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 22 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.66
gnomAD pLI: 0.61
gnomAD missense Z: 0.93
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.98
DepMap dependency class: common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Mitochondrial import receptor subunit Tom22
Mitochondrial import receptor subunit Tom22

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TOMM22 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TOMM22 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TOMM22 could matter depends on whether native TOMM22 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TOMM22 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TOMM22 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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