Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

THRB

Thyroid hormone receptor beta

Also known as: ERBA-BETA, ERBA2, GRTH, NR1A2, PRTH, THB_HUMAN, THR1, THRB1, THRB2, TRbeta

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P10828
Gene
THRB
Ensembl
ENSG00000151090
Chromosome
3
Canonical length
461 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Nuclear receptors, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nuclear bodies
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Mutations in this gene are known to be a cause of generalized thyroid hormone resistance (GTHR), a syndrome characterized by goiter and high levels of circulating thyroid hormone (T3-T4), with normal or slightly elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

461 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P10828|THRB
     1  MTPNSMTENG LTAWDKPKHC PDREHDWKLV GMSEACLHRK SHSERRSTLK NEQSSPHLIQ
    61  TTWTSSIFHL DHDDVNDQSV SSAQTFQTEE KKCKGYIPSY LDKDELCVVC GDKATGYHYR
   121  CITCEGCKGF FRRTIQKNLH PSYSCKYEGK CVIDKVTRNQ CQECRFKKCI YVGMATDLVL
   181  DDSKRLAKRK LIEENREKRR REELQKSIGH KPEPTDEEWE LIKTVTEAHV ATNAQGSHWK
   241  QKRKFLPEDI GQAPIVNAPE GGKVDLEAFS HFTKIITPAI TRVVDFAKKL PMFCELPCED
   301  QIILLKGCCM EIMSLRAAVR YDPESETLTL NGEMAVTRGQ LKNGGLGVVS DAIFDLGMSL
   361  SSFNLDDTEV ALLQAVLLMS SDRPGLACVE RIEKYQDSFL LAFEHYINYR KHHVTHFWPK
   421  LLMKVTDLRM IGACHASRFL HMKVECPTEL FPPLFLEVFE D

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against THRB can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.37
Highest tissue expression
25 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • tongue: 25 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 25 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 22 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 20 nTPM
  • liver: 19 nTPM
  • retina: 19 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • myonuclei: 1,383 nCPM
  • cone photoreceptor cells: 876 nCPM
  • lactotrophs: 771 nCPM
  • adipocytes: 654 nCPM
  • thyrotrophs: 645 nCPM
  • choroid plexus epithelial cells: 590 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 7.2 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 2.3 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 2.2 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 0.9 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 0.3 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 0.1 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebral cortex: 77 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 68 nTPM
  • white matter: 52 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 41 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 40 nTPM
  • amygdala: 34 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about THRB.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions THRB is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Thyroid hormone resistance, generalized, autosomal dominant (GRTHD) MIM:188570
  • Thyroid hormone resistance, generalized, autosomal recessive (GRTHR) MIM:274300
  • Selective pituitary thyroid hormone resistance (PRTH) MIM:145650

Disease | GeneticClinVar

78 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 380 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.22
gnomAD pLI
1
gnomAD missense Z
2.57
DepMap mean gene effect
0.02
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of THRB in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads THRB as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against THRB could matter depends on whether native THRB is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

THRB is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label THRB as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/THRB. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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