Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

REST

RE1-silencing transcription factor

Also known as: DFNA27, NRSF, REST_HUMAN, XBR

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q13127
Gene
REST
Ensembl
ENSG00000084093
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
1097 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

1097 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q13127|REST
     1  MATQVMGQSS GGGGLFTSSG NIGMALPNDM YDLHDLSKAE LAAPQLIMLA NVALTGEVNG
    61  SCCDYLVGEE RQMAELMPVG DNNFSDSEEG EGLEESADIK GEPHGLENME LRSLELSVVE
   121  PQPVFEASGA PDIYSSNKDL PPETPGAEDK GKSSKTKPFR CKPCQYEAES EEQFVHHIRV
   181  HSAKKFFVEE SAEKQAKARE SGSSTAEEGD FSKGPIRCDR CGYNTNRYDH YTAHLKHHTR
   241  AGDNERVYKC IICTYTTVSE YHWRKHLRNH FPRKVYTCGK CNYFSDRKNN YVQHVRTHTG
   301  ERPYKCELCP YSSSQKTHLT RHMRTHSGEK PFKCDQCSYV ASNQHEVTRH ARQVHNGPKP
   361  LNCPHCDYKT ADRSNFKKHV ELHVNPRQFN CPVCDYAASK KCNLQYHFKS KHPTCPNKTM
   421  DVSKVKLKKT KKREADLPDN ITNEKTEIEQ TKIKGDVAGK KNEKSVKAEK RDVSKEKKPS
   481  NNVSVIQVTT RTRKSVTEVK EMDVHTGSNS EKFSKTKKSK RKLEVDSHSL HGPVNDEESS
   541  TKKKKKVESK SKNNSQEVPK GDSKVEENKK QNTCMKKSTK KKTLKNKSSK KSSKPPQKEP
   601  VEKGSAQMDP PQMGPAPTEA VQKGPVQVEP PPPMEHAQME GAQIRPAPDE PVQMEVVQEG
   661  PAQKELLPPV EPAQMVGAQI VLAHMELPPP METAQTEVAQ MGPAPMEPAQ MEVAQVESAP
   721  MQVVQKEPVQ MELSPPMEVV QKEPVQIELS PPMEVVQKEP VKIELSPPIE VVQKEPVQME
   781  LSPPMGVVQK EPAQREPPPP REPPLHMEPI SKKPPLRKDK KEKSNMQSER ARKEQVLIEV
   841  GLVPVKDSWL LKESVSTEDL SPPSPPLPKE NLREEASGDQ KLLNTGEGNK EAPLQKVGAE
   901  EADESLPGLA ANINESTHIS SSGQNLNTPE GETLNGKHQT DSIVCEMKMD TDQNTRENLT
   961  GINSTVEEPV SPMLPPSAVE EREAVSKTAL ASPPATMAAN ESQEIDEDEG IHSHEGSDLS
  1021  DNMSEGSDDS GLHGARPVPQ ESSRKNAKEA LAVKAAKGDF VCIFCDRSFR KGKDYSKHLN
  1081  RHLVNVYYLE EAAQGQE

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against REST can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.61
Highest tissue expression
23 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 23 nTPM
  • thymus: 17 nTPM
  • parathyroid gland: 13 nTPM
  • tonsil: 13 nTPM
  • lymph node: 13 nTPM
  • testis: 12 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • cone photoreceptor cells: 118 nCPM
  • thymocytes: 110 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 108 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 99 nCPM
  • erythrocyte progenitors: 95 nCPM
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors: 91 nCPM

Immune cell

  • naive B-cell: 21 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 12 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 11 nTPM
  • T-reg: 9.4 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 8 nTPM
  • basophil: 7.4 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 21 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 19 nTPM
  • white matter: 17 nTPM
  • thalamus: 16 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 16 nTPM
  • midbrain: 15 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about REST.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions REST is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

26 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 777 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Fibromatosis, gingival, 5
  • REST-related disorder
  • Fibromatosis, gingival, 1
  • Autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 27
  • Wilms tumor 6

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.29
gnomAD pLI
0.99
gnomAD missense Z
0.78
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.24
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of REST in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads REST as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against REST could matter depends on whether native REST is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

REST is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label REST as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/REST. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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