Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MRPL51

Large ribosomal subunit protein mL51

Also known as: bMRP64, CDA09, HSPC241, MRP64, RM51_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q4U2R6
Gene
MRPL51
Ensembl
ENSG00000111639
Chromosome
12
Canonical length
128 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4p and 21q. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

128 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q4U2R6|MRPL51
     1  MAGNLLSGAG RRLWDWVPLA CRSFSLGVPR LIGIRLTLPP PKVVDRWNEK RAMFGVYDNI
    61  GILGNFEKHP KELIRGPIWL RGWKGNELQR CIRKRKMVGS RMFADDLHNL NKRIRYLYKH
   121  FNRHGKFR

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MRPL51 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.52
Highest tissue expression
250 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 250 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 240 nTPM
  • testis: 227 nTPM
  • tongue: 224 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 175 nTPM
  • kidney: 160 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • late primary spermatocytes: 1,346 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 904 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 661 nCPM
  • late spermatids: 631 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 608 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 475 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 320 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 295 nTPM
  • T-reg: 235 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 235 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 233 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 231 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 84 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 78 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 73 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 73 nTPM
  • pons: 71 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 70 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.26
gnomAD pLI
0.03
gnomAD missense Z
0.19
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.37
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 8% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

  • Large ribosomal subunit protein mL51
  • Mitochondrial ribosomal subunit

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MRPL51 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MRPL51 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MRPL51 could matter depends on whether native MRPL51 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MRPL51 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MRPL51 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/MRPL51. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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