Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MRPL23

Large ribosomal subunit protein uL23m

Also known as: L23MRP, RM23_HUMAN, RPL23L

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q16540
Gene
MRPL23
Ensembl
ENSG00000214026
Chromosome
11
Canonical length
153 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoli fibrillar center,Mitochondria

OverviewNCBI Gene

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. The gene is biallelically expressed, despite its location within a region of imprinted genes on chromosome 11. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

153 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q16540|MRPL23
     1  MARNVVYPLY RLGGPQLRVF RTNFFIQLVR PGVAQPEDTV QFRIPMEMTR VDLRNYLEGI
    61  YNVPVAAVRT RVQHGSNKRR DHRNVRIKKP DYKVAYVQLA HGQTFTFPDL FPEKDESPEG
   121  SAADDLYSML EEERQQRQSS DPRRGGVPSW FGL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MRPL23 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.45
Highest tissue expression
174 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 174 nTPM
  • liver: 170 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 164 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 142 nTPM
  • esophagus: 134 nTPM
  • skin: 127 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • parietal cells: 225 nCPM
  • colonocytes: 175 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 171 nCPM
  • epididymal efferent duct ciliated cells: 160 nCPM
  • enteric transient amplifying cells: 155 nCPM
  • epididymal principal cells: 146 nCPM

Immune cell

  • memory B-cell: 37 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 35 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 26 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 24 nTPM
  • T-reg: 20 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 19 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 17 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 17 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 16 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 16 nTPM
  • pons: 15 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 15 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.93
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.38
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.38
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MRPL23 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MRPL23 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MRPL23 could matter depends on whether native MRPL23 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MRPL23 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MRPL23 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/MRPL23. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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