Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GLRX3

Glutaredoxin-3

Also known as: bA500G10.4, GLRX3_HUMAN, GLRX4, GRX3, GRX4, PICOT, TXNL2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O76003
Gene
GLRX3
Ensembl
ENSG00000108010
Chromosome
10
Canonical length
335 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the glutaredoxin family. Glutaredoxins are oxidoreductase enzymes that reduce a variety of substrates using glutathione as a cofactor. The encoded protein binds to and modulates the function of protein kinase C theta. The encoded protein may also inhibit apoptosis and play a role in cellular growth, and the expression of this gene may be a marker for cancer. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on the short arm of chromosomes 6 and 9. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

335 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O76003|GLRX3
     1  MAAGAAEAAV AAVEEVGSAG QFEELLRLKA KSLLVVHFWA PWAPQCAQMN EVMAELAKEL
    61  PQVSFVKLEA EGVPEVSEKY EISSVPTFLF FKNSQKIDRL DGAHAPELTK KVQRHASSGS
   121  FLPSANEHLK EDLNLRLKKL THAAPCMLFM KGTPQEPRCG FSKQMVEILH KHNIQFSSFD
   181  IFSDEEVRQG LKAYSSWPTY PQLYVSGELI GGLDIIKELE ASEELDTICP KAPKLEERLK
   241  VLTNKASVML FMKGNKQEAK CGFSKQILEI LNSTGVEYET FDILEDEEVR QGLKAYSNWP
   301  TYPQLYVKGE LVGGLDIVKE LKENGELLPI LRGEN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GLRX3 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.31
Highest tissue expression
60 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • testis: 60 nTPM
  • tonsil: 59 nTPM
  • esophagus: 55 nTPM
  • tongue: 52 nTPM
  • lymph node: 51 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 50 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • late primary spermatocytes: 368 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 319 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 294 nCPM
  • early primary spermatocytes: 274 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 237 nCPM
  • oocytes: 230 nCPM

Immune cell

  • T-reg: 77 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 70 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 59 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 59 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 52 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 52 nTPM

Brain region

  • pons: 31 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 31 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 29 nTPM
  • midbrain: 28 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 27 nTPM
  • thalamus: 27 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.48
gnomAD pLI
0.36
gnomAD missense Z
0.15
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.24
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GLRX3 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GLRX3 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GLRX3 could matter depends on whether native GLRX3 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GLRX3 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GLRX3 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GLRX3. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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