Peptidase M10A, catalytic domain
IPR033739
Definition
This entry represents the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) sub-family M10A catalytic domain. MMPs are responsible for a great deal of pericellular proteolysis of extracellular matrix and cell surface molecules, playing crucial roles in morphogenesis, cell fate specification, cell migration, tissue repair, tumorigenesis, gain or loss of tissue-specific functions, and apoptosis [[cite:PMID:16720377], [cite:PMID:12784993], [cite:PMID:11686860], [cite:PMID:11485970], [cite:PMID:11433375]]. In many instances, they are anchored to cell membranes via trans-membrane domains, and their activity is controlled via TIMPs (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases) [[cite:PMID:10356396], [cite:PMID:9737711], [cite:PMID:9724659], [cite:PMID:8939664]]. Sequences having this domain are extracellular metalloproteases, such as collagenase and stromelysin, which degrade the extracellular matrix, are known as matrixins. They are zinc-dependent, calcium-activated proteases synthesised as inactive precursors(zymogens), which are proteolytically cleaved to yield the active enzyme [[cite:PMID:2551898], [cite:PMID:2167841]]. All MMPs possess an N-terminal domain and a zinc-binding catalytic domain. The N-terminal domain peptide, cleaved during the activation step, includes a conserved PRCGVPDV octapeptide, known as the cysteine switch, whose Cys residue chelates the active site zinc atom, rendering the enzyme inactive [[cite:PMID:2841336], [cite:PMID:1988438]]. The catalytic domain contains a zinc ion, which is responsible for the peptide hydrolysis reaction. Another zinc ion and one to three calcium ions are present in the catalytic domain with a structural role PMID:9785958. All but two of the human MMPs (MMP-7 and MMP-26) also have a C-terminal hemopexin-like domain, and two MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9) contain fibronectin insertions into their catalytic domains PMID:15095982.
23 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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