Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TYROBP

TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein

Also known as: DAP12, KARAP, PLO-SL, PLOSL, TYOBP_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O43914
Gene
TYROBP
Ensembl
ENSG00000011600
Chromosome
19
Canonical length
113 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Plasma membrane
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a transmembrane signaling polypeptide which contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain. The encoded protein may associate with the killer-cell inhibitory receptor (KIR) family of membrane glycoproteins and may act as an activating signal transduction element. This protein may bind zeta-chain (TCR) associated protein kinase 70kDa (ZAP-70) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and play a role in signal transduction, bone modeling, brain myelination, and inflammation. Mutations within this gene have been associated with polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL), also known as Nasu-Hakola disease. Its putative receptor, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), also causes PLOSL. Multiple alternative transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

113 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O43914|TYROBP
     1  MGGLEPCSRL LLLPLLLAVS GLRPVQAQAQ SDCSCSTVSP GVLAGIVMGD LVLTVLIALA
    61  VYFLGRLVPR GRGAAEAATR KQRITETESP YQELQGQRSD VYSDLNTQRP YYK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TYROBP can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.6
Highest tissue expression
563 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 563 nTPM
  • spleen: 411 nTPM
  • lung: 257 nTPM
  • appendix: 221 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 186 nTPM
  • lymph node: 151 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • hofbauer cells: 3,768 nCPM
  • kupffer cells: 3,579 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 2,395 nCPM
  • monocytes: 2,171 nCPM
  • macrophages: 1,617 nCPM
  • cdc: 1,347 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 6,461 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 5,271 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 5,001 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 3,433 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 3,378 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 2,584 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 157 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 87 nTPM
  • thalamus: 73 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 72 nTPM
  • pons: 68 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 56 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about TYROBP.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions TYROBP is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy 1 (PLOSL1) MIM:221770

Disease | GeneticClinVar

8 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 124 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.92
gnomAD pLI
0.2
gnomAD missense Z
-0.32
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.01
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

  • TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TYROBP in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TYROBP as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TYROBP could matter depends on whether native TYROBP is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TYROBP is annotated at the cell surface, where native TYROBP is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TYROBP as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TYROBP. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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