Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TREM2

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2

Also known as: TREM-2, TREM2_HUMAN, Trem2a, Trem2b, Trem2c

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9NZC2
Gene
TREM2
Ensembl
ENSG00000095970
Chromosome
6
Canonical length
230 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Vesicles
Secretome location
Secreted in brain

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a membrane protein that forms a receptor signaling complex with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein. The encoded protein functions in immune response and may be involved in chronic inflammation by triggering the production of constitutive inflammatory cytokines. Defects in this gene are a cause of polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

230 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NZC2|TREM2
     1  MEPLRLLILL FVTELSGAHN TTVFQGVAGQ SLQVSCPYDS MKHWGRRKAW CRQLGEKGPC
    61  QRVVSTHNLW LLSFLRRWNG STAITDDTLG GTLTITLRNL QPHDAGLYQC QSLHGSEADT
   121  LRKVLVEVLA DPLDHRDAGD LWFPGESESF EDAHVEHSIS RSLLEGEIPF PPTSILLLLA
   181  CIFLIKILAA SALWAAAWHG QKPGTHPPSE LDCGHDPGYQ LQTLPGLRDT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TREM2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.48
Highest tissue expression
59 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • spinal cord: 59 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 55 nTPM
  • midbrain: 33 nTPM
  • lung: 28 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 22 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 16 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • hofbauer cells: 980 nCPM
  • breast myoepithelial cells: 154 nCPM
  • microglia: 106 nCPM
  • macrophages: 105 nCPM
  • hepatic stellate cells: 32 nCPM
  • cdc: 9.8 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 2 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0.5 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 0.3 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0.2 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 0.1 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 108 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 58 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 52 nTPM
  • thalamus: 51 nTPM
  • pons: 42 nTPM
  • midbrain: 32 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about TREM2.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions TREM2 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy 2 (PLOSL2) MIM:618193
  • Alzheimer disease 17 (AD17) MIM:615080

Disease | GeneticClinVar

24 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 191 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.79
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.24
DepMap mean gene effect
0.01
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TREM2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TREM2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TREM2 could matter depends on whether native TREM2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TREM2 is annotated at the cell surface, where native TREM2 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TREM2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TREM2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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