Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

RPS12

Small ribosomal subunit protein eS12

Also known as: RS12_HUMAN, S12

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P25398
Gene
RPS12
Ensembl
ENSG00000112306
Chromosome
6
Canonical length
132 aa
Protein class
Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Ribosomal proteins
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus,Vesicles,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S12E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. Increased expression of this gene in colorectal cancers compared to matched normal colonic mucosa has been observed. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

132 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P25398|RPS12
     1  MAEEGIAAGG VMDVNTALQE VLKTALIHDG LARGIREAAK ALDKRQAHLC VLASNCDEPM
    61  YVKLVEALCA EHQINLIKVD DNKKLGEWVG LCKIDREGKP RKVVGCSCVV VKDYGKESQA
   121  KDVIEEYFKC KK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against RPS12 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.35
Highest tissue expression
5,506 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • ovary: 5,506 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 5,075 nTPM
  • pancreas: 4,672 nTPM
  • skin: 4,663 nTPM
  • lymph node: 3,690 nTPM
  • esophagus: 3,388 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • gastric progenitor cells: 19,992 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 15,973 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 13,225 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 11,810 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 11,346 nCPM
  • breast secretory cells: 11,216 nCPM

Immune cell

  • total PBMC: 7,468 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 5,219 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 4,470 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 4,225 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 4,173 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 3,738 nTPM

Brain region

  • spinal cord: 587 nTPM
  • white matter: 552 nTPM
  • thalamus: 508 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 505 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 496 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 445 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.43
gnomAD pLI
0.89
gnomAD missense Z
0.57
DepMap mean gene effect
-2.2
DepMap dependency class
pan

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of RPS12 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads RPS12 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against RPS12 could matter depends on whether native RPS12 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

RPS12 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label RPS12 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/RPS12. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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