Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CENPA

Histone H3-like centromeric protein A

Also known as: CenH3, CENP-A, CENPA_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P49450
Gene
CENPA
Ensembl
ENSG00000115163
Chromosome
2
Canonical length
140 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm

OverviewNCBI Gene

Centromeres are the differentiated chromosomal domains that specify the mitotic behavior of chromosomes. This gene encodes a centromere protein which contains a histone H3 related histone fold domain that is required for targeting to the centromere. Centromere protein A is proposed to be a component of a modified nucleosome or nucleosome-like structure in which it replaces 1 or both copies of conventional histone H3 in the (H3-H4)2 tetrameric core of the nucleosome particle. The protein is a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

140 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P49450|CENPA
     1  MGPRRRSRKP EAPRRRSPSP TPTPGPSRRG PSLGASSHQH SRRRQGWLKE IRKLQKSTHL
    61  LIRKLPFSRL AREICVKFTR GVDFNWQAQA LLALQEAAEA FLVHLFEDAY LLTLHAGRVT
   121  LFPKDVQLAR RIRGLEEGLG

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CENPA can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.52
Highest tissue expression
12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thymus: 12 nTPM
  • tonsil: 7.8 nTPM
  • lymph node: 6.8 nTPM
  • duodenum: 3.9 nTPM
  • appendix: 3.8 nTPM
  • esophagus: 3.7 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • monocyte progenitors: 69 nCPM
  • gastric progenitor cells: 68 nCPM
  • differentiating spermatogonia: 50 nCPM
  • enteric transient amplifying cells: 44 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 43 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 40 nCPM

Immune cell

  • MAIT T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 0.3 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 0.2 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.2 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 0.1 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 0.1 nTPM
  • pons: 0.1 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CENPA.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on CENPA was assayed in.

Disease | AutoantibodyPubMed

Conditions in which antibodies against CENPA are reported. Each links to that disease's full target list.

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for CENPA from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed

22 publications

Show 17 more

Reference: B cellIEDB

7 publications

Show 2 more

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.19
gnomAD pLI
0.01
gnomAD missense Z
1.73
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.92
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CENPA in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CENPA as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CENPA could matter depends on whether native CENPA is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CENPA is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CENPA as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CENPA. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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