Ribonuclease A, active site
IPR023411
Definition
Pancreatic ribonucleases (RNaseA) are pyrimidine-specific endonucleases found in high quantity in the pancreas of certain mammals and of some reptiles PMID:3940901. Specifically, the enzymes are involved in endonucleolytic cleavage of 3'-phosphomononucleotides and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in C-P or U-P with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates. Ribonuclease can unwind the DNA helix by complexing with single-stranded DNA; the complex arises by an extended multi-site cation-anion interaction between lysine and arginine residues of the enzyme and phosphate groups of the nucleotides. Other proteins belonging to the pancreatic RNAse family include: bovine seminal vesicle and brain ribonucleases; kidney non-secretory ribonucleases PMID:2734298; liver-type ribonucleases PMID:2611266; angiogenin, which induces vascularisation of normal and malignant tissues; eosinophil cationic protein PMID:2473157, a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity; and frog liver ribonuclease and frog sialic acid-binding lectin. The sequence of pancreatic RNases contains four conserved disulphide bonds and three amino acid residues involved in the catalytic activity. Pancreatic ribonucleases ([ec:3.1.27.5]) are pyrimidine-specific endonucleases present in high quantity in the pancreas of a number of mammalian taxa and of a few reptiles [[cite:PMID:3074337], [cite:PMID:3940901]]. As shown in the following schematic representation of the sequence of pancreatic RNases there are four conserved disulphide bonds and three amino acid residues involved in the catalytic activity. +---------------------------+ | +------------------|------+ | | | | xxxxx#xxxxxxCxxxxxxC#xxxxxxxCxxCxxxCxxxxxCxxxxxCxxxxxxCxxx#xxx | **** | | | | +---+ | +----------------------------+ 'C': conserved cysteine involved in a disulphide bond. '#': active site residue. '*': position of the pattern. A number of other proteins belongs to the pancreatic RNAse family and these are listed below. Bovine seminal vesicle and bovine brain ribonucleases. The kidney non-secretory ribonucleases (also known as eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) PMID:2734298). Liver-type ribonucleases PMID:2611266. Angiogenin, which induces vascularization of normal and malignant tissues. It abolishes protein synthesis by specifically hydrolyzing cellular tRNAs. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) PMID:2473157, a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity. Frog liver ribonuclease and frog sialic acid-binding lectin PMID:2710786. The signature pattern for these proteins includes five conserved residues: a cysteine involved in a disulphide bond, a lysine involved in the catalytic activity and three other residues important for substrate binding.
8 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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