Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

RNASE1

Ribonuclease pancreatic

Also known as: RAC1, RNAS1_HUMAN, RNS1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P07998
Gene: RNASE1
Ensembl: ENSG00000129538
Chromosome: 14
Canonical length: 156 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to digestive system

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the pancreatic-type of secretory ribonucleases, a subset of the ribonuclease A superfamily. The encoded endonuclease cleaves internal phosphodiester RNA bonds on the 3'-side of pyrimidine bases. It prefers poly(C) as a substrate and hydrolyzes 2',3'-cyclic nucleotides, with a pH optimum near 8.0. The encoded protein is monomeric and more commonly acts to degrade ds-RNA over ss-RNA. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and four transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

156 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P07998|RNASE1
     1  MALEKSLVRL LLLVLILLVL GWVQPSLGKE SRAKKFQRQH MDSDSSPSSS STYCNQMMRR
    61  RNMTQGRCKP VNTFVHEPLV DVQNVCFQEK VTCKNGQGNC YKSNSSMHIT DCRLTNGSRY
   121  PNCAYRTSPK ERHIIVACEG SPYVPVHFDA SVEDST

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against RNASE1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.35
Highest tissue expression: 8,599 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

pancreas: 8,599 nTPM
testis: 976 nTPM
stomach: 946 nTPM
placenta: 842 nTPM
lung: 731 nTPM
adipose tissue: 677 nTPM

Single-cell type

hofbauer cells: 3,209 nCPM
retinal pigment epithelial cells: 2,562 nCPM
transitional alveolar cells: 2,328 nCPM
foveolar cells: 1,837 nCPM
alveolar cells type 2: 1,736 nCPM
alveolar cells type 1: 1,646 nCPM

Immune cell

myeloid DC: 20 nTPM
classical monocyte: 9.7 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 5 nTPM
total PBMC: 2.4 nTPM
basophil: 1.6 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 1.2 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 654 nTPM
thalamus: 518 nTPM
basal ganglia: 512 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 466 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 430 nTPM
midbrain: 400 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.87
gnomAD pLI: 0.03
gnomAD missense Z: 0.12
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.01
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

defense response to Gram-positive bacterium

Molecular functions

Cellular components

extracellular exosome

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of RNASE1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

RNH1

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads RNASE1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against RNASE1 could matter depends on whether native RNASE1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

RNASE1 is annotated as secreted, so native RNASE1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label RNASE1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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