Neuropeptide Y receptor family
IPR000611
Definition
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain and in the autonomic nervous system. In the brain it is thought to have several functions, including increasing food intake and storage of energy as fat [[cite:PMID:6549409], [cite:PMID:16874931], [cite:PMID:6547387], [cite:PMID:6549039]], facilitation of learning and memory via the modulation of hippocampal activity [[cite:PMID:2821236], [cite:PMID:8395947], [cite:PMID:16190896]], inhibition of anxiety [[cite:PMID:7529442], [cite:PMID:7644568], [cite:PMID:15337373]], presynaptic inhibition of neurotransmitter release in the CNS and periphery PMID:8685245, and modulation of circadian rhythm [[cite:PMID:8369959], [cite:PMID:11287113]]. In the periphery, NPY stimulates vascular smooth muscle contraction [[cite:PMID:7629398], [cite:PMID:6133408]], modulates the release of pituitary hormones [[cite:PMID:3855566], [cite:PMID:12678499]], pain transmission PMID:17222466, inhibition of insulin release [[cite:PMID:8013354], [cite:PMID:9833945], [cite:PMID:9389418]] and modulation of renal function PMID:9446690. NPY has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension PMID:7629398, congestive heart failure and appetite regulation [[cite:PMID:6549409], [cite:PMID:16874931], [cite:PMID:6547387], [cite:PMID:6549039]] and controlling epileptic seizures PMID:15309085. Signalling responses appear to be restricted to certain cell types and in the autonomic system it is mainly produced by neurons of the sympathetic nervous system and serves as a strong vasoconstrictor and also causes growth of fat tissue PMID:17603492. These include inhibition of Ca2+ channels, such as in neurones PMID:2453065, and activation and inhibition of K+ channels, such as in cardiomyocytes PMID:1661086 and vascular smooth muscle cells PMID:8584407. The various functions of NPY are mediated by neuropeptide Y receptors, which are members of rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptors, they are also activated by peptide YY and the pancreatic polypeptide PMID:9549761. There are five pharmacologically distinct neuropeptide Y receptor subtypes PMID:15337367; neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 (Y1), neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 (Y2), neuropeptide Y receptor Y4 (Y4), neuropeptide Y receptor Y5 (Y5) and neuropeptide Y receptor Y6 (Y6). This entry represents neuropeptide Y receptor family.
10 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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