Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ATG4B

Cysteine protease ATG4B

Also known as: APG4B, ATG4B_HUMAN, AUTL1, DKFZp586D1822, KIAA0943

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9Y4P1
Gene: ATG4B
Ensembl: ENSG00000168397
Chromosome: 2
Canonical length: 393 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

393 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9Y4P1|ATG4B
     1  MDAATLTYDT LRFAEFEDFP ETSEPVWILG RKYSIFTEKD EILSDVASRL WFTYRKNFPA
    61  IGGTGPTSDT GWGCMLRCGQ MIFAQALVCR HLGRDWRWTQ RKRQPDSYFS VLNAFIDRKD
   121  SYYSIHQIAQ MGVGEGKSIG QWYGPNTVAQ VLKKLAVFDT WSSLAVHIAM DNTVVMEEIR
   181  RLCRTSVPCA GATAFPADSD RHCNGFPAGA EVTNRPSPWR PLVLLIPLRL GLTDINEAYV
   241  ETLKHCFMMP QSLGVIGGKP NSAHYFIGYV GEELIYLDPH TTQPAVEPTD GCFIPDESFH
   301  CQHPPCRMSI AELDPSIAVG FFCKTEDDFN DWCQQVKKLS LLGGALPMFE LVELQPSHLA
   361  CPDVLNLSLD SSDVERLERF FDSEDEDFEI LSL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ATG4B can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.28
Highest tissue expression: 38 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

cerebellum: 38 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 30 nTPM
prostate: 25 nTPM
kidney: 25 nTPM
pituitary gland: 23 nTPM
testis: 23 nTPM

Single-cell type

undifferentiated spermatogonia: 136 nCPM
oocytes: 134 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 112 nCPM
syncytiotrophoblasts: 109 nCPM
differentiating spermatogonia: 98 nCPM
endometrial luminal cells: 94 nCPM

Immune cell

myeloid DC: 20 nTPM
T-reg: 20 nTPM
eosinophil: 19 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 19 nTPM
gdT-cell: 19 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 18 nTPM

Brain region

cerebral cortex: 26 nTPM
pons: 26 nTPM
hypothalamus: 25 nTPM
thalamus: 24 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 22 nTPM
midbrain: 22 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.34
gnomAD pLI: 0.96
gnomAD missense Z: 1.41
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.12
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

aggrephagy
autophagosome assembly
autophagy
macroautophagy
microautophagy
mitophagy
piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus
protein delipidation
protein localization to phagophore assembly site
protein processing
protein transport
proteolysis
otolith mineralization completed early in development

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ATG4B in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ATG4B as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ATG4B could matter depends on whether native ATG4B is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ATG4B is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ATG4B as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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