Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

VRK1

Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK1

Also known as: VRK1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q99986
Gene
VRK1
Ensembl
ENSG00000100749
Chromosome
14
Canonical length
396 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This gene is widely expressed in human tissues and has increased expression in actively dividing cells, such as those in testis, thymus, fetal liver, and carcinomas. Its protein localizes to the nucleus and has been shown to promote the stability and nuclear accumulation of a transcriptionally active p53 molecule and, in vitro, to phosphorylate Thr18 of p53 and reduce p53 ubiquitination. This gene, therefore, may regulate cell proliferation. This protein also phosphorylates histone, casein, and the transcription factors ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2) and c-JUN. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

396 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q99986|VRK1
     1  MPRVKAAQAG RQSSAKRHLA EQFAVGEIIT DMAKKEWKVG LPIGQGGFGC IYLADMNSSE
    61  SVGSDAPCVV KVEPSDNGPL FTELKFYQRA AKPEQIQKWI RTRKLKYLGV PKYWGSGLHD
   121  KNGKSYRFMI MDRFGSDLQK IYEANAKRFS RKTVLQLSLR ILDILEYIHE HEYVHGDIKA
   181  SNLLLNYKNP DQVYLVDYGL AYRYCPEGVH KEYKEDPKRC HDGTIEFTSI DAHNGVAPSR
   241  RGDLEILGYC MIQWLTGHLP WEDNLKDPKY VRDSKIRYRE NIASLMDKCF PEKNKPGEIA
   301  KYMETVKLLD YTEKPLYENL RDILLQGLKA IGSKDDGKLD LSVVENGGLK AKTITKKRKK
   361  EIEESKEPGV EDTEWSNTQT EEAIQTRSRT RKRVQK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against VRK1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.32
Highest tissue expression
48 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 48 nTPM
  • thymus: 33 nTPM
  • tonsil: 26 nTPM
  • testis: 26 nTPM
  • lymph node: 25 nTPM
  • appendix: 12 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • parietal cells: 354 nCPM
  • oocytes: 345 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 331 nCPM
  • early primary spermatocytes: 282 nCPM
  • erythrocyte progenitors: 268 nCPM
  • monocyte progenitors: 177 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 46 nTPM
  • basophil: 43 nTPM
  • T-reg: 35 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 33 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 31 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 29 nTPM

Brain region

  • basal ganglia: 12 nTPM
  • white matter: 12 nTPM
  • thalamus: 10 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 9.8 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 9.8 nTPM
  • midbrain: 9.3 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about VRK1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions VRK1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Pontocerebellar hypoplasia 1A (PCH1A) MIM:607596
  • Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, autosomal recessive 10 (HMNR10) MIM:620542

Disease | GeneticClinVar

96 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 607 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.63
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.17
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.47
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of VRK1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads VRK1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against VRK1 could matter depends on whether native VRK1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

VRK1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label VRK1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/VRK1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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