Cold-shock protein Csp, DNA-binding
IPR002059
Definition
When Escherichia coli is exposed to a temperature drop from 37 to 10 degrees centigrade, a 4-5 hour lag phase occurs, after which growth is resumed at a reduced rate PMID:1912512. During the lag phase, the expression of around 13 proteins, which contain specific DNA-binding regions PMID:2247479, is increased 2-10 fold. These so-called 'cold shock' proteins (CSPs) are thought to help the cell to survive in temperatures lower than optimum growth temperature, by contrast with heat shock proteins, which help the cell to survive in temperatures greater than the optimum, possibly by condensation of the chromosome and organisation of the prokaryotic nucleoid PMID:1912512. A conserved domain of about 70 amino acids has been found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins [[cite:PMID:1622933], [cite:PMID:2184368], [cite:PMID:8022259]]. This domain is known as the 'cold-shock domain' (CSD), part of which is highly similar PMID:1614871 to the RNP-1 RNA-binding motif. CSPs include the major cold-shock proteins CspA and CspB in bacteria and the eukaryotic gene regulatory factor Y-box protein. CSP expression is up-regulated by an abrupt drop in growth temperature. CSPs are also expressed under normal condition at lower level. The function of cold-shock proteins is not fully understood. They preferentially bind poly-pyrimidine region of single-stranded RNA and DNA PMID:8321288. CSPs are thought to bind mRNA and regulate ribosomal translation, mRNA degradation, and the rate of transcription termination. The human Y-box protein, which contains a CSD PMID:11851341, regulates transcription and translation of genes that contain the Y-box sequence in their promoters. This specific ssDNA-binding properties of CSD are required for the binding of Y-box protein to the promoter's Y-box sequence, thereby regulating transcription.
8 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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