Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TMX1

Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 1

Also known as: PDIA11, TMX, TMX1_HUMAN, TXNDC, TXNDC1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9H3N1
Gene: TMX1
Ensembl: ENSG00000139921
Chromosome: 14
Canonical length: 280 aa
Protein class: Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location: Nucleoli,Endoplasmic reticulum
Secretome location: Intracellular and membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins that catalyze protein folding and thiol-disulfide interchange reactions. The encoded protein has an N-terminal ER-signal sequence, a catalytically active thioredoxin domain, and one transmembrane domain. Unlike most members of this gene family, it lacks a C-terminal ER-retention sequence. The mature membrane-bound protein can both oxidize and reduce disulfide bonds and acts selectively on membrane-associated polypeptides. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

280 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9H3N1|TMX1
     1  MAPSGSLAVP LAVLVLLLWG APWTHGRRSN VRVITDENWR ELLEGDWMIE FYAPWCPACQ
    61  NLQPEWESFA EWGEDLEVNI AKVDVTEQPG LSGRFIITAL PTIYHCKDGE FRRYQGPRTK
   121  KDFINFISDK EWKSIEPVSS WFGPGSVLMS SMSALFQLSM WIRTCHNYFI EDLGLPVWGS
   181  YTVFALATLF SGLLLGLCMI FVADCLCPSK RRRPQPYPYP SKKLLSESAQ PLKKVEEEQE
   241  ADEEDVSEEE AESKEGTNKD FPQNAIRQRS LGPSLATDKS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TMX1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.45
Highest tissue expression: 12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

placenta: 12 nTPM
urinary bladder: 12 nTPM
liver: 12 nTPM
colon: 12 nTPM
lymph node: 12 nTPM
rectum: 11 nTPM

Single-cell type

extravillous trophoblasts: 203 nCPM
migrating cytotrophoblasts: 114 nCPM
basal keratinocytes: 103 nCPM
monocyte progenitors: 102 nCPM
rod photoreceptor cells: 100 nCPM
differentiating spermatogonia: 97 nCPM

Immune cell

plasmacytoid DC: 16 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 15 nTPM
myeloid DC: 14 nTPM
total PBMC: 12 nTPM
classical monocyte: 12 nTPM
NK-cell: 12 nTPM

Brain region

choroid plexus: 11 nTPM
thalamus: 11 nTPM
spinal cord: 10 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 10 nTPM
midbrain: 10 nTPM
white matter: 10 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.82
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.23
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.19
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TMX1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TMX1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TMX1 could matter depends on whether native TMX1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TMX1 is annotated as secreted, so native TMX1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TMX1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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