Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SPHK1

Sphingosine kinase 1

Also known as: SPHK, SPHK1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9NYA1
Gene
SPHK1
Ensembl
ENSG00000176170
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
384 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Vesicles,Plasma membrane,Primary cilium,Primary cilium transition zone

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Intracellularly, S1P regulates proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, it is a ligand for cell surface G protein-coupled receptors. This protein, and its product S1P, play a key role in TNF-alpha signaling and the NF-kappa-B activation pathway important in inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and immune processes. Phosphorylation of this protein alters its catalytic activity and promotes its translocation to the plasma membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

384 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NYA1|SPHK1
     1  MDPAGGPRGV LPRPCRVLVL LNPRGGKGKA LQLFRSHVQP LLAEAEISFT LMLTERRNHA
    61  RELVRSEELG RWDALVVMSG DGLMHEVVNG LMERPDWETA IQKPLCSLPA GSGNALAASL
   121  NHYAGYEQVT NEDLLTNCTL LLCRRLLSPM NLLSLHTASG LRLFSVLSLA WGFIADVDLE
   181  SEKYRRLGEM RFTLGTFLRL AALRTYRGRL AYLPVGRVGS KTPASPVVVQ QGPVDAHLVP
   241  LEEPVPSHWT VVPDEDFVLV LALLHSHLGS EMFAAPMGRC AAGVMHLFYV RAGVSRAMLL
   301  RLFLAMEKGR HMEYECPYLV YVPVVAFRLE PKDGKGVFAV DGELMVSEAV QGQVHPNYFW
   361  MVSGCVEPPP SWKPQQMPPP EEPL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SPHK1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.25
Highest tissue expression
24 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • lung: 24 nTPM
  • esophagus: 24 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 19 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 19 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 17 nTPM
  • breast: 17 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • esophageal apical cells: 195 nCPM
  • müller glia: 142 nCPM
  • platelets: 132 nCPM
  • breast secretory cells: 104 nCPM
  • decidual stromal cells: 86 nCPM
  • pancreatic duct cells: 78 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 4.8 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 1.9 nTPM
  • basophil: 1.5 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0.9 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0.8 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 0.8 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 19 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 11 nTPM
  • pons: 9.6 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 8.8 nTPM
  • midbrain: 8.8 nTPM
  • amygdala: 8.5 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.41
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.49
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.07
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SPHK1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SPHK1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SPHK1 could matter depends on whether native SPHK1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SPHK1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native SPHK1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SPHK1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SPHK1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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