Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PTPN12

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12

Also known as: PTN12_HUMAN, PTP-PEST, PTPG1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q05209
Gene
PTPN12
Ensembl
ENSG00000127947
Chromosome
7
Canonical length
780 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Plasma membrane,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may regulate protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of the oncogene c-ABL and thus may play a role in oncogenesis. This PTP was also shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various products related to cytoskeletal structure and cell adhesion, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin. This suggests it has a regulatory role in controlling cell shape and mobility. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

780 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q05209|PTPN12
     1  MEQVEILRKF IQRVQAMKSP DHNGEDNFAR DFMRLRRLST KYRTEKIYPT ATGEKEENVK
    61  KNRYKDILPF DHSRVKLTLK TPSQDSDYIN ANFIKGVYGP KAYVATQGPL ANTVIDFWRM
   121  IWEYNVVIIV MACREFEMGR KKCERYWPLY GEDPITFAPF KISCEDEQAR TDYFIRTLLL
   181  EFQNESRRLY QFHYVNWPDH DVPSSFDSIL DMISLMRKYQ EHEDVPICIH CSAGCGRTGA
   241  ICAIDYTWNL LKAGKIPEEF NVFNLIQEMR TQRHSAVQTK EQYELVHRAI AQLFEKQLQL
   301  YEIHGAQKIA DGVNEINTEN MVSSIEPEKQ DSPPPKPPRT RSCLVEGDAK EEILQPPEPH
   361  PVPPILTPSP PSAFPTVTTV WQDNDRYHPK PVLHMVSSEQ HSADLNRNYS KSTELPGKNE
   421  STIEQIDKKL ERNLSFEIKK VPLQEGPKSF DGNTLLNRGH AIKIKSASPC IADKISKPQE
   481  LSSDLNVGDT SQNSCVDCSV TQSNKVSVTP PEESQNSDTP PRPDRLPLDE KGHVTWSFHG
   541  PENAIPIPDL SEGNSSDINY QTRKTVSLTP SPTTQVETPD LVDHDNTSPL FRTPLSFTNP
   601  LHSDDSDSDE RNSDGAVTQN KTNISTASAT VSAATSTESI STRKVLPMSI ARHNIAGTTH
   661  SGAEKDVDVS EDSPPPLPER TPESFVLASE HNTPVRSEWS ELQSQERSEQ KKSEGLITSE
   721  NEKCDHPAGG IHYEMCIECP PTFSDKREQI SENPTEATDI GFGNRCGKPK GPRDPPSEWT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PTPN12 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.53
Highest tissue expression
70 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • placenta: 70 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 66 nTPM
  • lung: 62 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 58 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 54 nTPM
  • spleen: 50 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • neutrophils: 2,007 nCPM
  • platelets: 923 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 662 nCPM
  • myosatellite cells: 467 nCPM
  • monocytes: 449 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 346 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 13 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 9.5 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 6.8 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 5.3 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 4.1 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 3.8 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 69 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 61 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 59 nTPM
  • white matter: 59 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 58 nTPM
  • pons: 57 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PTPN12.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

1 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 120 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on PTPN12 was assayed in.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.19
gnomAD pLI
1
gnomAD missense Z
1.16
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.01
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 9% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PTPN12 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PTPN12 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PTPN12 could matter depends on whether native PTPN12 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PTPN12 is annotated at the cell surface, where native PTPN12 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PTPN12 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PTPN12. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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