Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MDK

Midkine

Also known as: FLJ27379, MK, MK_HUMAN, NEGF2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P21741
Gene: MDK
Ensembl: ENSG00000110492
Chromosome: 11
Canonical length: 143 aa
Protein class: Cancer-related genes, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to blood
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of a small family of secreted growth factors that binds heparin and responds to retinoic acid. The encoded protein promotes cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis, in particular during tumorigenesis. This gene has been targeted as a therapeutic for a variety of different disorders. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

143 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P21741|MDK
     1  MQHRGFLLLT LLALLALTSA VAKKKDKVKK GGPGSECAEW AWGPCTPSSK DCGVGFREGT
    61  CGAQTQRIRC RVPCNWKKEF GADCKYKFEN WGACDGGTGT KVRQGTLKKA RYNAQCQETI
   121  RVTKPCTPKT KAKAKAKKGK GKD

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MDK can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.53
Highest tissue expression: 572 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

ovary: 572 nTPM
cervix: 356 nTPM
pituitary gland: 354 nTPM
duodenum: 247 nTPM
small intestine: 198 nTPM
endometrium: 185 nTPM

Single-cell type

decidual stromal cells: 1,368 nCPM
granulosa cells: 1,096 nCPM
ovarian stromal cells: 923 nCPM
enterocytes: 847 nCPM
neuroendocrine cells: 790 nCPM
gastric progenitor cells: 423 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 2.1 nTPM
memory B-cell: 1.8 nTPM
T-reg: 0.9 nTPM
naive B-cell: 0.4 nTPM
total PBMC: 0.4 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0.2 nTPM

Brain region

hypothalamus: 60 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 43 nTPM
thalamus: 35 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 35 nTPM
midbrain: 33 nTPM
cerebellum: 32 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.87
gnomAD pLI: 0.23
gnomAD missense Z: 0.33
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.09
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MDK in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MDK as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MDK could matter depends on whether native MDK is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MDK is annotated as secreted, so native MDK circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MDK as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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