Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GMNN

Geminin

Also known as: Gem, GEMI_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O75496
Gene
GMNN
Ensembl
ENSG00000112312
Chromosome
6
Canonical length
209 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein that plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation. The encoded protein inhibits DNA replication by binding to DNA replication factor Cdt1, preventing the incorporation of minichromosome maintenance proteins into the pre-replication complex. The encoded protein is expressed during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle and is degraded by the anaphase-promoting complex during the metaphase-anaphase transition. Increased expression of this gene may play a role in several malignancies including colon, rectal and breast cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and two pseudogenes of this gene are located on the short arm of chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

209 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O75496|GMNN
     1  MNPSMKQKQE EIKENIKNSS VPRRTLKMIQ PSASGSLVGR ENELSAGLSK RKHRNDHLTS
    61  TTSSPGVIVP ESSENKNLGG VTQESFDLMI KENPSSQYWK EVAEKRRKAL YEALKENEKL
   121  HKEIEQKDNE IARLKKENKE LAEVAEHVQY MAELIERLNG EPLDNFESLD NQEFDSEEET
   181  VEDSLVEDSE IGTCAEGTVS SSTDAKPCI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GMNN can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.62
Highest tissue expression
218 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • pancreas: 218 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 65 nTPM
  • rectum: 42 nTPM
  • colon: 39 nTPM
  • prostate: 39 nTPM
  • skin: 38 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • oocytes: 433 nCPM
  • endometrial luminal cells: 313 nCPM
  • enteric stem cells: 251 nCPM
  • late primary spermatocytes: 247 nCPM
  • endometrial glandular cells: 235 nCPM
  • pancreatic duct cells: 215 nCPM

Immune cell

  • eosinophil: 17 nTPM
  • T-reg: 16 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 9.4 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 9.3 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 8.5 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 7.6 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 23 nTPM
  • midbrain: 23 nTPM
  • thalamus: 21 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 21 nTPM
  • pons: 18 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 18 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about GMNN.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions GMNN is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

3 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 128 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.83
gnomAD pLI
0.11
gnomAD missense Z
0.99
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.53
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GMNN in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GMNN as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GMNN could matter depends on whether native GMNN is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GMNN is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GMNN as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GMNN. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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