Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CASTOR2

Cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 2

Also known as: CAST2_HUMAN, GATSL1, GATSL2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: A6NHX0
Gene: CASTOR2
Ensembl: ENSG00000274070
Chromosome: 7
Canonical length: 329 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables identical protein binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of TORC1 signaling. Located in GATOR2 complex and cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

329 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>A6NHX0|CASTOR2
     1  MELHILEHRL QVASVAKESI PLFTYGLIKL AFLSSKTRCK FFSLTETPED YTIIVDEEGF
    61  LELPSSEHLS VADATWLALN VVSGGGSFSS SQPIGVTKIA KSVIAPLADQ NISVFMLSTY
   121  QTDFILVRER DLPFVTHTLS SEFTILRVVN GETVAAENLG ITNGFVKPKL VQRPVIHPLS
   181  SPSNRFCVTS LDPDTLPAVA TLLMDVMFYS NGVKDPMATG DDCGHIRFFS FSLIEGYISL
   241  VMDVQTQQRF PSNLLFTSAS GELWKMVRIG GQPLGFDECG IVAQISEPLA AADIPAYYIS
   301  TFKFDHALVP EENINGVISA LKVSQAEKH

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CASTOR2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.26
Highest tissue expression: 62 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

skeletal muscle: 62 nTPM
tongue: 25 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 22 nTPM
cerebellum: 20 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 17 nTPM
amygdala: 15 nTPM

Single-cell type

myonuclei: 109 nCPM
retinal horizontal cells: 106 nCPM
thymic myoid cells: 106 nCPM
syncytiotrophoblasts: 103 nCPM
retinal amacrine cells: 69 nCPM
corticotrophs: 66 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 1.9 nTPM
basophil: 1.7 nTPM
eosinophil: 0.9 nTPM
T-reg: 0.7 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0.4 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0.3 nTPM

Brain region

pons: 100 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 87 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 87 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 85 nTPM
amygdala: 83 nTPM
thalamus: 82 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.63
gnomAD pLI: 0.43
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.18
DepMap dependency class: selective

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

identical protein binding

Cellular components

cytosol

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Cytoplasm

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CASTOR2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CASTOR2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CASTOR2 could matter depends on whether native CASTOR2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CASTOR2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CASTOR2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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