USH1C
Harmonin
Also known as: AIE-75, DFNB18, harmonin, NY-CO-37, NY-CO-38, PDZ-73, PDZ73, PDZD7C, USH1C_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- Q9Y6N9
- Gene
- USH1C
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000006611
- Chromosome
- 11
- Canonical length
- 552 aa
- Protein class
- Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins
- Subcellular location
- Cytosol
OverviewNCBI Gene
This gene encodes a scaffold protein that functions in the assembly of Usher protein complexes. The protein contains PDZ domains, a coiled-coil region with a bipartite nuclear localization signal and a PEST degradation sequence. Defects in this gene are the cause of Usher syndrome type 1C and non-syndromic sensorineural deafness autosomal recessive type 18. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
552 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>Q9Y6N9|USH1C
1 MDRKVAREFR HKVDFLIEND AEKDYLYDVL RMYHQTMDVA VLVGDLKLVI NEPSRLPLFD
61 AIRPLIPLKH QVEYDQLTPR RSRKLKEVRL DRLHPEGLGL SVRGGLEFGC GLFISHLIKG
121 GQADSVGLQV GDEIVRINGY SISSCTHEEV INLIRTKKTV SIKVRHIGLI PVKSSPDEPL
181 TWQYVDQFVS ESGGVRGSLG SPGNRENKEK KVFISLVGSR GLGCSISSGP IQKPGIFISH
241 VKPGSLSAEV GLEIGDQIVE VNGVDFSNLD HKEAVNVLKS SRSLTISIVA AAGRELFMTD
301 RERLAEARQR ELQRQELLMQ KRLAMESNKI LQEQQEMERQ RRKEIAQKAA EENERYRKEM
361 EQIVEEEEKF KKQWEEDWGS KEQLLLPKTI TAEVHPVPLR KPKYDQGVEP ELEPADDLDG
421 GTEEQGEQDF RKYEEGFDPY SMFTPEQIMG KDVRLLRIKK EGSLDLALEG GVDSPIGKVV
481 VSAVYERGAA ERHGGIVKGD EIMAINGKIV TDYTLAEAEA ALQKAWNQGG DWIDLVVAVC
541 PPKEYDDELT FFLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against USH1C can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.36
- Highest tissue expression
- 92 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- duodenum: 92 nTPM
- small intestine: 91 nTPM
- kidney: 51 nTPM
- colon: 48 nTPM
- rectum: 45 nTPM
- stomach: 25 nTPM
Single-cell type
- enterocytes: 448 nCPM
- colonocytes: 220 nCPM
- tuft cells: 196 nCPM
- müller glia: 193 nCPM
- enteric transient amplifying cells: 142 nCPM
- proximal tubule cells: 141 nCPM
Immune cell
- basophil: 0 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
- eosinophil: 0 nTPM
- gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
- intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
- MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM
Brain region
- hippocampal formation: 19 nTPM
- white matter: 17 nTPM
- pons: 15 nTPM
- basal ganglia: 14 nTPM
- thalamus: 12 nTPM
- midbrain: 12 nTPM
DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed
Four sources answering four different questions about USH1C.
Disease | AllUniProt
Conditions USH1C is implicated in, by any mechanism.
- Usher syndrome 1C (USH1C) MIM:276904
- Deafness, autosomal recessive, 18A (DFNB18A) MIM:602092
Disease | GeneticClinVar
200 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 1,520 ClinVar records.
Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.
- Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 18A
- Usher syndrome type 1C
- Usher syndrome type 1
- USH1C-related disorder
- Retinal dystrophy
ReferencesPubMed · IEDB
Publications for USH1C from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.
Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed
4 publications
- Autoantibodies to harmonin and villin are diagnostic markers in children with IPEX syndrome.
2013 · PLoS One · RCR 1.2 · 48 citations - Autoantibodies to villin occur frequently in IPEX, a severe immune dysregulation, syndrome caused by mutation of FOXP3.
2011 · Clin Immunol · RCR 1 · 42 citations - Disease specificity of anti-tryptophan hydroxylase-1 and anti-AIE-75 autoantibodies in APECED and IPEX syndrome.
2015 · Clin Immunol · RCR 0.9 · 25 citations - Isoforms of the human PDZ-73 protein exhibit differential tissue expression.
1999 · Biochim Biophys Acta · RCR 0.8 · 38 citations
Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 0.89
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- -0.87
- DepMap mean gene effect
- 0.02
- DepMap dependency class
- none
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
- actin filament bundle assembly
- auditory receptor cell morphogenesis
- brush border assembly
- equilibrioception
- G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
- inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation
- inner ear morphogenesis
- inner ear receptor cell stereocilium organization
- parallel actin filament bundle assembly
- photoreceptor cell maintenance
- protein localization to microvillus
- protein-containing complex assembly
- regulation of microvillus length
- retinal cone cell development
- sensory perception of light stimulus
- sensory perception of sound
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
- PDZ domain
- PDZ superfamily
- Sensory Perception USH2 Complex Protein
- PDZ domain
- Harmonin, N-terminal
- Harmonin, N-terminal domain
KeywordsUniProt
InteractionsUniProt · HPA
Protein binding partners of USH1C in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads USH1C as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against USH1C could matter depends on whether native USH1C is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
USH1C is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label USH1C as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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